ʻAi ʻōmaʻomaʻo no nā puaʻa guinea
ʻO ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka mea nui a koʻikoʻi o ka meaʻai. He ʻuʻuku lākou, waiwai i nā meaʻai, ʻai maikaʻi ʻia a ʻeli ʻia e nā puaʻa guinea, a he hopena maikaʻi ko lākou huahana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā legumes a me nā lau cereal e like me ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo: clover, alfalfa, vetch, lupine, sweet clover, sainfoin, peas, seradella, meadow rank, winter rye, oats, corn, Sudanese mauʻu, ryegrass; nahelehele, steppe a me na mauu nahele. ʻOi aku ka waiwai o nā legume a me nā hui ʻai legume-cereal i waiwai i ka protein, nā huaora a me nā minela.
ʻO ka mauʻu kekahi o nā meaʻai nui a maʻalahi. Me ka lawa a me ka ʻokoʻa o nā mea kanu maoli a lūlū ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana me ka liʻiliʻi o ka concentrates, hāʻawi iā lākou i nā wahine hānai a me nā holoholona ʻōpio a hiki i 2 mau mahina. I mea e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka ʻai o nā puaʻa guinea i ka nui mai ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule, pono pono e mālama i ka hana ʻana i kahi conveyor ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka rai hoʻoilo, mai nā mea ulu ulu - nettle, cuff, wormwood, burdock, sedges mua a me nā ʻōpiopio o ka willow, willow, aspen a me ka poplar.
I ka hapa mua o ke kauwela, ʻo ka mea kanu conveyor ʻōmaʻomaʻo kūpono loa he clover ʻulaʻula. Mai ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻāhiu, hiki i nā forbs liʻiliʻi ke lilo i meaʻai maikaʻi i kēia manawa.
ʻO ka pono o nā puaʻa guinea no ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo hiki ke uhi maikaʻi ʻia e nā ʻano mea kanu hihiu: nettle, burdock, plantain, yarrow, cow parsnip, bedstraw, sofa mauʻu (ʻoi aku kona mau aʻa), sage, heather, tansy (wild rowan), dandelion, opio, oioi kamelo, a me colza, milkweed, kihapai a me ke kula kakalaioa, wormwood a me na mea e ae.
Pono e hānai ʻia kekahi mau mea kanu hihiu - wormwood, tarragon, a i ʻole tarragon tarragon a dandelion - pono e hānai ʻia me ka akahele. ʻAi maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau mea kanu e nā holoholona, akā he hopena ʻino i ke kino. Hāʻawi ʻia ka Dandelion i ka 30% o ka maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā o ka meaʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hānai ʻia i ka wormwood a me ka tarragon, a i ʻole tarragon tarragon.
ʻO ka ʻupena (Urtica dioica L.) - ka mea kanu herbaceous perennial mai ka ʻohana nettle (Urticaceae) me kahi rhizome kolo. Kūleʻa nā kumu, ovate-oblong, a hiki i 15 knm ka lōʻihi a hiki i 8 knm ākea, serrated coarsely ma nā kihi, me nā petioles.
He waiwai nui nā lau nettle i nā huaora - loaʻa iā lākou a hiki i ka 0,6% ascorbic acid (vitamina C), a hiki i 50 mg% carotene (provitamin A), nā huaora K (a hiki i 400 biological units per 1 g) a me ka hui B. He kumu vitamina maoli kēia. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā lau nettle he nui ka protein, chlorophyll (a hiki i ka 8%), starch (a hiki i ka 10%), nā haʻalulu ʻē aʻe (e pili ana i 1%), nā paʻakai o ka hao, potassium, copper, manganese, titanium, nickel, as a me nā tannins a me nā waikawa organik.
He kiʻekiʻe ka waiwai o ka Nettle, aia ka 20-24% protein (mea kanu protein), 18-25% fiber, 2,5-3,7% momona, 31-33% nitrogen-free extractives. Loaʻa ka nui o ka huaora K, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron a me nā paʻakai ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻohana mua ʻia kona mau lau a me nā ʻōpiopio no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka beriberi, ka mea i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna. ʻO ke ʻano o ka noi ʻana ʻo ia ka maʻalahi - hoʻohui ʻia ka pauka mai nā lau maloʻo i ka meaʻai.
Hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā lau i ka wā o ka pua a me ka pua ʻana o nā ʻupena (ka pua mai Mei a hiki i ka hāʻule, ʻā nā hua mai Iulai). ʻO ka manawa pinepine e ʻoki ʻia nā lau me ka mitten ma ke kumu mai lalo i luna, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻoki a ʻoki paha i nā ʻōpuʻu, hoʻomaloʻo liʻiliʻi, a laila ʻohi i nā lau ma kahi moena maʻemaʻe, a hoʻolei i nā kumu mānoanoa. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻohi ʻia nā piko o nā ʻōpuʻu ʻōpio a maloʻo, nakinaki ʻia i nā pūpū. Pono e hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā mea ʻupena i loko o nā keʻena ventilated, i loko o nā attics, i loko o nā hale hoʻoheheʻe, akā mau i kahi i pale ʻia mai ka lā pololei, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke luku i kekahi o nā huaora.
He meaʻai nui nā lau ʻupena ʻōpiopio i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna. Pono e hoʻolapalapa mua ʻia ka ʻupena hou no 2-3 mau minuke i ka wai, a laila ʻomi iki ʻia a, ma hope o ka wili ʻana, hoʻohui ʻia i ka hui wai.
ʻO ka palaoa mauʻu i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai nā ʻupena he mau ʻano meaʻai kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke ʻano o nā mea e pono ai ke kino, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka palaoa mai ka hui ʻana o timothy a me clover a ua like ia me ka palaoa mai ka alfalfa. ʻOhi ʻia nā ʻupena ma mua o ka pua ʻana (Iune-Iulai) - ma hope ua nalowale kekahi o kāna mau waiwai pono. ʻOki ʻia nā mea kanu a ʻohi ʻia a ʻae ʻia nā lau e maloʻo liʻiliʻi, a laila ʻaʻole "nahu" ka nettle.
I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻohui ʻia nā lau maloʻo maloʻo i ka hui ʻana i ka palaoa a i hoʻolapalapa ʻia no 5-6 mau minuke a hiki i ka palupalu i loko o kahi pahu me kahi poʻi paʻa. Ma hope o ka kuke ʻana, hoʻokahe ʻia ka wai, a ʻoki iki ʻia ka nui o ka hopena a hoʻohui ʻia i ka hānai.
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg. sl) - he lau nahele mai ka ʻohana Asteraceae, a i ʻole Asteraceae (Compositae, a i ʻole Asteraceae), me kahi taproot ʻiʻo e komo hohonu i ka lepo (a hiki i 60 knm). Hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā lau i loko o kahi rosette basal, mai ke kikowaena o nā pua pua pua 15-50 cm kiʻekiʻe e ulu i ka pūnāwai. Hoʻopau lākou i hoʻokahi inflorescence - kahi hīnaʻi 3,5 cm ke anawaena me kahi ʻāpana brown-green ʻelua lālani. ʻOkoʻa nā lau i ke ʻano a me ka nui. ʻO ka maʻamau he ʻano palau, pinnate-spatulate a i ʻole pinnate-lanceolate, 10-25 cm lōʻihi a 2-5 cm ākea, pinepine me ka midrib pinkish.
Hoʻomaka ka pua mai ʻApelila a Iune, ʻo nā hua i Mei-Iune. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻaʻole lōʻihi ka manawa o ka pua nui - ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule i ka hapa lua o Mei a me ka hoʻomaka o Iune.
Ke ulu nei ma nā ʻano noho like ʻole: nā māla, nā ʻaoʻao, nā hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā kīhāpai, nā māla, nā kīhāpai meaʻai, nā ʻāina neoneo, ma nā alanui, nā lau, nā paka, kokoke i nā hale.
Loaʻa i nā lau dandelion a me nā aʻa ka waiwai waiwai. He waiwai nā lau i nā carotenoids (provitamin A), ascorbic acid, nā huaora B1 B2, R. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e like me ka ʻawaʻawa, e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻai a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻai. Aia nā aʻa Dandelion i ka inulin (a hiki i ka 40%), nā kō, ka malic acid a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻAi ʻia nā lau o kēia mea kanu e nā puaʻa puaʻa. He kumu ia o nā huaora a me nā paʻakai mineral. Hānai ʻia nā lau Dandelion i nā holoholona mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule i ka nui ʻole. ʻO ka meaʻawaʻawa i loko o nā lau e hoʻoikaika i ke kahe o ke koko, hoʻonui i kaʻaiʻana a hoʻoulu i ka makemake.
Plantain nui (Plantago major L.) he mau mea ulu ulu e like me ka nahelehele ma na wahi a pau. He waiwai nā lau Plantain i ka potassium a me ka waikawa citric, loaʻa iā lākou ka aukubin glycoside, invertin a me emulsin enzymes, tannins awaawa, alkaloids, vitamina C, carotene. Aia nā hua i nā carbohydrates, nā mea mucous, oleic acid, 15-10% o kahi ʻano ʻaila momona.
Ma waena o nā mea kanu, aia kekahi ** ʻona nui **, hiki ke hoʻomake i ka ʻai a me ka make i nā puaʻa guinea. ʻO kēia mau mea kanu: kokorysh (ʻīlio parsley), hemlock, poisonous milestone, celandine, poni a ʻulaʻula foxglove, wrestler, May lily o ke awāwa, white hellebore, larkspur (horned cornflowers), henbane, manu koraka, nightshade, dope, anemone, lāʻau ʻawaʻawa, hua ʻīlio hae, makapō pō, marsh marigold, ʻeha kua ʻaʻai, poppy hua ponoʻī, bracken fern, marsh wild rosemary.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ** māla a me nā ʻōpala melon**, nā lau a me nā ʻōpuʻu o kekahi mau kumulāʻau a me nā kumu lāʻau i mea ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi mai ka hānai ʻana i nā lau kāpeti, ka letus, ka ʻuala a me nā kāloti. Pono e ʻoki ʻia ka ʻuala ma hope o ka pua ʻana a ʻōmaʻomaʻo mau. ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe o nā'ōmato, beets, swedes a me nā turnips e hāʻawi i nā holoholona iʻoi aku ma mua o 150-200 g no ke poʻo i ka lā. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i nā lau ʻoi aku ka maʻi maʻi i loko o lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona ʻōpio.
ʻO kahi meaʻai meaʻai maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi ʻo ka ** kulina ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōpio **, aia ka nui o ke kō a ua ʻai ʻia e nā puaʻa guinea. Hoʻohana ʻia ka kulina ma ke ʻano he ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puka ʻana i loko o ka paipu a hiki i ka hoʻolei ʻia ʻana o ka panicle. Hāʻawi ʻia ia i nā holoholona makua a hiki i 70% a me nā holoholona ʻōpio a hiki i 40% a ʻoi aku paha o ka maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā o ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kulina ke hui pū ʻia me ka alfalfa, clover, a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
ʻōpae (Spinacia oleracia L.). ʻAi ʻia nā lau o nā mea kanu ʻōpiopio. Loaʻa iā lākou nā ʻano huaʻai, waiwai i ka protein a me nā paʻakai o ka hao, phosphorus, calcium. Aia ka nui o ka potassium i loko o 100 g o ka spinach - 742 mg. E maloʻo koke nā lau o ka spinach mai nā wela kiʻekiʻe, no laila no ka mālama lōʻihi, ua maloʻo ka spinach, hiki ke hoʻomaloʻo ʻia. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ma kahi mahana o -1 ° C no 2-3 mau mahina.
Kale - ka meaʻai maikaʻi loa, mai ka hopena o ʻAukake a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo. No laila, hiki ke hānai ʻia ke kāpena hānai i nā holoholona a hiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule a i ka hapa mua o ka hoʻoilo.
Kāpena (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitate L.) - hāʻawi i ka nui o nā lau i hānai ʻia i nā holoholona. Nui nā ʻano kāpeti i hānai ʻia. Hoʻohui ʻia lākou i ʻelua pūʻulu: ke poʻo keʻokeʻo (forma alba) a me ke poʻo ʻulaʻula (forma rubra). ʻO ka ʻili o nā lau kāpeti ʻulaʻula he nui ka pigment anthocyanin. Ma muli o kēia, ʻo nā poʻo o ia mau ʻano he lilac a ʻulaʻula paha o nā ʻano like ʻole. Ua ʻoi aku ko lākou waiwai ma mua o ke kāpeti keʻokeʻo, akā ʻaneʻane like ka waiwai o ka meaʻai, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huaora C i ke kāpeti ʻulaʻula. Ua oi aku kona mau poo.
Loaʻa i ka kāpena keʻokeʻo i nā poʻo mai ka 5 a 15% mea maloʻo, me ka 3-7% sugars, a hiki i ka 2,3% protein, a hiki i ka 54 mg% ascorbic acid (vitamin C). I ka ʻulaʻula kāpeti, 8-12% mea maloʻo, me 4-6% sugars, 1,5-2% protein, a hiki i 62 mg% ascorbic acid, a me ka carotene, nā huaora B1, a me B2, pantothenic acid, salts sodium , potassium, calcium, phosphorus, hao, iodine.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe loa ka waiwai o ka meaʻai o ke kāpeti, aia nā amino acids a me nā mea trace e pono ai no ke kino, a ʻo ka mea nui loa, he pūʻulu nui o nā huaora (C, hui B, PP, K, U, etc.) .
ʻO nā ʻōpuʻu Brussels (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera DC) ulu ʻia no nā ʻōpuʻu lau (nā poʻo) aia ma ka lōʻihi o ke kumu. Loaʻa iā lākou he 13-21% mea maloʻo, me ka 2,5-5,5% sugars, a hiki i ka 7% protein; Aia ia i ka 290 mg% o ka waikawa ascorbic (vitamina C), 0,7-1,2 mg% o ka carotene (provitamin A), nā huaora B1, B2, B6, nā paʻakai o ka sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, hao, iodine. Ma ke ʻano o ka maʻiʻo vitamina C, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o nā ʻano kāpeti ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka puaʻala (Brassica cauliflora Luzg.) kū i waho no kona ʻano kiʻekiʻe o nā huaora C, B1, B2, B6, PP a me nā paʻakai mineral.
Broccoli – kāpeti asparagus (Brassica cauliflora subsp. simplex Lizg.). He poʻo keʻokeʻo ko ka puaʻala, ʻoiai he poʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka broccoli. He meaʻai nui ka moʻomeheu. Loaʻa iā ia he 2,54% kō, ma kahi o 10% solids, 83-108 mg% ascorbic acid, carotenes, a me nā hua B, PP, choline, methionine. ʻOi aku ka waiwai o Broccoli i ka calcium a me ka phosphorus ma mua o ka pua puaʻa. Pono e mālama ʻia nā poʻo ʻokiʻoki i loko o ka friji, no ka mea, huli koke lākou i ka melemele. No ka ʻohi ʻana no ka hoʻoilo, ua maloʻo lākou i loko o nā ʻeke plastik.
Lettuce lau (Lactuca saliva var. secalina Alef). ʻO kāna pono nui ka precocity, hoʻomohala ia i kahi rosette o nā lau succulent mākaukau no ka ʻai ʻana 25-40 mau lā ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana. ʻAi ʻia nā lau letus a hou a maka.
Aia nā lau letus mai ka 4 a hiki i ka 11% mea maloʻo, me ka 4% sugars a hiki i ka 3% crude protein. Akā ʻaʻole kaulana ka letus no kāna mau meaʻai. Loaʻa i ka nui o nā paʻakai o nā metala koʻikoʻi no ke kino: potassium (a hiki i 3200 mg%), calcium (a hiki i 108 mg%) a me ka hao. ʻO nā lau o kēia mea kanu kahi kumu o nā huaora a pau i ʻike ʻia i nā mea kanu: B1, B2, C, P, PP, K, E, folic acid, carotene (provitamin A). A ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi ko lākou ʻike piha, akā hoʻomaikaʻi i kēlā ʻano vitamina piha piha, nā lau letus e hoʻoikaika ikaika i ka digestion a me ka metabolism i ke kino. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia i ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela mua, ke nui a emi mai paha ka pōloli vitamina.
Parsley (Petroselinum hortense Hoffm.) Loaʻa ka nui o ka huaora C (a hiki i 300 mg%) a me ka huaora A (carotene a hiki i 11 mg%). ʻO nā aila pono i loko o ia mea he hopena maikaʻi i nā ʻāpana digestive.
ʻO ka ʻike o nā huaora i 100 g o ka paʻi paʻi (mg%): carotene - 0,03, vitamina B1 - 0,1, vitamina B2 - 0,086, vitamin PP - 2,0, vitamin B6 - 0,23, vitamina C - 41,0, XNUMX.
Of meaʻai lāʻau ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā puaʻa guinea i nā lālā aspen, maple, lehu, willow, linden, acacia, lehu mauna (me nā lau a me nā hua), birch a me nā lālā o nā lāʻau coniferous.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻohi ʻana i nā meaʻai lālā no ka hoʻoilo i Iune-Iulai, i ka wā i ʻoi aku ka momona o nā lālā. ʻOki ʻia nā lālā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa ma mua o 1 knm ma ke kumu a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā broom liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i 1 mika ka lōʻihi, a laila kau ʻia ʻelua e maloʻo ma lalo o kahi canopy.
ʻO ka hānai lōʻihi o nā puaʻa guinea me ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo i nā mea nui e hāʻawi iā lākou i nā huaora, nā minerala a me ka protein piha, kahi e kōkua ai i ka mahi ʻana i nā holoholona ʻōpio olakino maikaʻi.
ʻO ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka mea nui a koʻikoʻi o ka meaʻai. He ʻuʻuku lākou, waiwai i nā meaʻai, ʻai maikaʻi ʻia a ʻeli ʻia e nā puaʻa guinea, a he hopena maikaʻi ko lākou huahana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā legumes a me nā lau cereal e like me ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo: clover, alfalfa, vetch, lupine, sweet clover, sainfoin, peas, seradella, meadow rank, winter rye, oats, corn, Sudanese mauʻu, ryegrass; nahelehele, steppe a me na mauu nahele. ʻOi aku ka waiwai o nā legume a me nā hui ʻai legume-cereal i waiwai i ka protein, nā huaora a me nā minela.
ʻO ka mauʻu kekahi o nā meaʻai nui a maʻalahi. Me ka lawa a me ka ʻokoʻa o nā mea kanu maoli a lūlū ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana me ka liʻiliʻi o ka concentrates, hāʻawi iā lākou i nā wahine hānai a me nā holoholona ʻōpio a hiki i 2 mau mahina. I mea e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka ʻai o nā puaʻa guinea i ka nui mai ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule, pono pono e mālama i ka hana ʻana i kahi conveyor ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka rai hoʻoilo, mai nā mea ulu ulu - nettle, cuff, wormwood, burdock, sedges mua a me nā ʻōpiopio o ka willow, willow, aspen a me ka poplar.
I ka hapa mua o ke kauwela, ʻo ka mea kanu conveyor ʻōmaʻomaʻo kūpono loa he clover ʻulaʻula. Mai ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻāhiu, hiki i nā forbs liʻiliʻi ke lilo i meaʻai maikaʻi i kēia manawa.
ʻO ka pono o nā puaʻa guinea no ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo hiki ke uhi maikaʻi ʻia e nā ʻano mea kanu hihiu: nettle, burdock, plantain, yarrow, cow parsnip, bedstraw, sofa mauʻu (ʻoi aku kona mau aʻa), sage, heather, tansy (wild rowan), dandelion, opio, oioi kamelo, a me colza, milkweed, kihapai a me ke kula kakalaioa, wormwood a me na mea e ae.
Pono e hānai ʻia kekahi mau mea kanu hihiu - wormwood, tarragon, a i ʻole tarragon tarragon a dandelion - pono e hānai ʻia me ka akahele. ʻAi maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau mea kanu e nā holoholona, akā he hopena ʻino i ke kino. Hāʻawi ʻia ka Dandelion i ka 30% o ka maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā o ka meaʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hānai ʻia i ka wormwood a me ka tarragon, a i ʻole tarragon tarragon.
ʻO ka ʻupena (Urtica dioica L.) - ka mea kanu herbaceous perennial mai ka ʻohana nettle (Urticaceae) me kahi rhizome kolo. Kūleʻa nā kumu, ovate-oblong, a hiki i 15 knm ka lōʻihi a hiki i 8 knm ākea, serrated coarsely ma nā kihi, me nā petioles.
He waiwai nui nā lau nettle i nā huaora - loaʻa iā lākou a hiki i ka 0,6% ascorbic acid (vitamina C), a hiki i 50 mg% carotene (provitamin A), nā huaora K (a hiki i 400 biological units per 1 g) a me ka hui B. He kumu vitamina maoli kēia. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā lau nettle he nui ka protein, chlorophyll (a hiki i ka 8%), starch (a hiki i ka 10%), nā haʻalulu ʻē aʻe (e pili ana i 1%), nā paʻakai o ka hao, potassium, copper, manganese, titanium, nickel, as a me nā tannins a me nā waikawa organik.
He kiʻekiʻe ka waiwai o ka Nettle, aia ka 20-24% protein (mea kanu protein), 18-25% fiber, 2,5-3,7% momona, 31-33% nitrogen-free extractives. Loaʻa ka nui o ka huaora K, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron a me nā paʻakai ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻohana mua ʻia kona mau lau a me nā ʻōpiopio no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka beriberi, ka mea i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna. ʻO ke ʻano o ka noi ʻana ʻo ia ka maʻalahi - hoʻohui ʻia ka pauka mai nā lau maloʻo i ka meaʻai.
Hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā lau i ka wā o ka pua a me ka pua ʻana o nā ʻupena (ka pua mai Mei a hiki i ka hāʻule, ʻā nā hua mai Iulai). ʻO ka manawa pinepine e ʻoki ʻia nā lau me ka mitten ma ke kumu mai lalo i luna, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻoki a ʻoki paha i nā ʻōpuʻu, hoʻomaloʻo liʻiliʻi, a laila ʻohi i nā lau ma kahi moena maʻemaʻe, a hoʻolei i nā kumu mānoanoa. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻohi ʻia nā piko o nā ʻōpuʻu ʻōpio a maloʻo, nakinaki ʻia i nā pūpū. Pono e hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā mea ʻupena i loko o nā keʻena ventilated, i loko o nā attics, i loko o nā hale hoʻoheheʻe, akā mau i kahi i pale ʻia mai ka lā pololei, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke luku i kekahi o nā huaora.
He meaʻai nui nā lau ʻupena ʻōpiopio i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna. Pono e hoʻolapalapa mua ʻia ka ʻupena hou no 2-3 mau minuke i ka wai, a laila ʻomi iki ʻia a, ma hope o ka wili ʻana, hoʻohui ʻia i ka hui wai.
ʻO ka palaoa mauʻu i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai nā ʻupena he mau ʻano meaʻai kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke ʻano o nā mea e pono ai ke kino, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka palaoa mai ka hui ʻana o timothy a me clover a ua like ia me ka palaoa mai ka alfalfa. ʻOhi ʻia nā ʻupena ma mua o ka pua ʻana (Iune-Iulai) - ma hope ua nalowale kekahi o kāna mau waiwai pono. ʻOki ʻia nā mea kanu a ʻohi ʻia a ʻae ʻia nā lau e maloʻo liʻiliʻi, a laila ʻaʻole "nahu" ka nettle.
I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻohui ʻia nā lau maloʻo maloʻo i ka hui ʻana i ka palaoa a i hoʻolapalapa ʻia no 5-6 mau minuke a hiki i ka palupalu i loko o kahi pahu me kahi poʻi paʻa. Ma hope o ka kuke ʻana, hoʻokahe ʻia ka wai, a ʻoki iki ʻia ka nui o ka hopena a hoʻohui ʻia i ka hānai.
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg. sl) - he lau nahele mai ka ʻohana Asteraceae, a i ʻole Asteraceae (Compositae, a i ʻole Asteraceae), me kahi taproot ʻiʻo e komo hohonu i ka lepo (a hiki i 60 knm). Hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā lau i loko o kahi rosette basal, mai ke kikowaena o nā pua pua pua 15-50 cm kiʻekiʻe e ulu i ka pūnāwai. Hoʻopau lākou i hoʻokahi inflorescence - kahi hīnaʻi 3,5 cm ke anawaena me kahi ʻāpana brown-green ʻelua lālani. ʻOkoʻa nā lau i ke ʻano a me ka nui. ʻO ka maʻamau he ʻano palau, pinnate-spatulate a i ʻole pinnate-lanceolate, 10-25 cm lōʻihi a 2-5 cm ākea, pinepine me ka midrib pinkish.
Hoʻomaka ka pua mai ʻApelila a Iune, ʻo nā hua i Mei-Iune. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻaʻole lōʻihi ka manawa o ka pua nui - ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule i ka hapa lua o Mei a me ka hoʻomaka o Iune.
Ke ulu nei ma nā ʻano noho like ʻole: nā māla, nā ʻaoʻao, nā hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā kīhāpai, nā māla, nā kīhāpai meaʻai, nā ʻāina neoneo, ma nā alanui, nā lau, nā paka, kokoke i nā hale.
Loaʻa i nā lau dandelion a me nā aʻa ka waiwai waiwai. He waiwai nā lau i nā carotenoids (provitamin A), ascorbic acid, nā huaora B1 B2, R. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e like me ka ʻawaʻawa, e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻai a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻai. Aia nā aʻa Dandelion i ka inulin (a hiki i ka 40%), nā kō, ka malic acid a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻAi ʻia nā lau o kēia mea kanu e nā puaʻa puaʻa. He kumu ia o nā huaora a me nā paʻakai mineral. Hānai ʻia nā lau Dandelion i nā holoholona mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule i ka nui ʻole. ʻO ka meaʻawaʻawa i loko o nā lau e hoʻoikaika i ke kahe o ke koko, hoʻonui i kaʻaiʻana a hoʻoulu i ka makemake.
Plantain nui (Plantago major L.) he mau mea ulu ulu e like me ka nahelehele ma na wahi a pau. He waiwai nā lau Plantain i ka potassium a me ka waikawa citric, loaʻa iā lākou ka aukubin glycoside, invertin a me emulsin enzymes, tannins awaawa, alkaloids, vitamina C, carotene. Aia nā hua i nā carbohydrates, nā mea mucous, oleic acid, 15-10% o kahi ʻano ʻaila momona.
Ma waena o nā mea kanu, aia kekahi ** ʻona nui **, hiki ke hoʻomake i ka ʻai a me ka make i nā puaʻa guinea. ʻO kēia mau mea kanu: kokorysh (ʻīlio parsley), hemlock, poisonous milestone, celandine, poni a ʻulaʻula foxglove, wrestler, May lily o ke awāwa, white hellebore, larkspur (horned cornflowers), henbane, manu koraka, nightshade, dope, anemone, lāʻau ʻawaʻawa, hua ʻīlio hae, makapō pō, marsh marigold, ʻeha kua ʻaʻai, poppy hua ponoʻī, bracken fern, marsh wild rosemary.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ** māla a me nā ʻōpala melon**, nā lau a me nā ʻōpuʻu o kekahi mau kumulāʻau a me nā kumu lāʻau i mea ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi mai ka hānai ʻana i nā lau kāpeti, ka letus, ka ʻuala a me nā kāloti. Pono e ʻoki ʻia ka ʻuala ma hope o ka pua ʻana a ʻōmaʻomaʻo mau. ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe o nā'ōmato, beets, swedes a me nā turnips e hāʻawi i nā holoholona iʻoi aku ma mua o 150-200 g no ke poʻo i ka lā. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i nā lau ʻoi aku ka maʻi maʻi i loko o lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā holoholona ʻōpio.
ʻO kahi meaʻai meaʻai maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi ʻo ka ** kulina ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōpio **, aia ka nui o ke kō a ua ʻai ʻia e nā puaʻa guinea. Hoʻohana ʻia ka kulina ma ke ʻano he ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puka ʻana i loko o ka paipu a hiki i ka hoʻolei ʻia ʻana o ka panicle. Hāʻawi ʻia ia i nā holoholona makua a hiki i 70% a me nā holoholona ʻōpio a hiki i 40% a ʻoi aku paha o ka maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā o ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kulina ke hui pū ʻia me ka alfalfa, clover, a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
ʻōpae (Spinacia oleracia L.). ʻAi ʻia nā lau o nā mea kanu ʻōpiopio. Loaʻa iā lākou nā ʻano huaʻai, waiwai i ka protein a me nā paʻakai o ka hao, phosphorus, calcium. Aia ka nui o ka potassium i loko o 100 g o ka spinach - 742 mg. E maloʻo koke nā lau o ka spinach mai nā wela kiʻekiʻe, no laila no ka mālama lōʻihi, ua maloʻo ka spinach, hiki ke hoʻomaloʻo ʻia. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ma kahi mahana o -1 ° C no 2-3 mau mahina.
Kale - ka meaʻai maikaʻi loa, mai ka hopena o ʻAukake a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo. No laila, hiki ke hānai ʻia ke kāpena hānai i nā holoholona a hiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule a i ka hapa mua o ka hoʻoilo.
Kāpena (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitate L.) - hāʻawi i ka nui o nā lau i hānai ʻia i nā holoholona. Nui nā ʻano kāpeti i hānai ʻia. Hoʻohui ʻia lākou i ʻelua pūʻulu: ke poʻo keʻokeʻo (forma alba) a me ke poʻo ʻulaʻula (forma rubra). ʻO ka ʻili o nā lau kāpeti ʻulaʻula he nui ka pigment anthocyanin. Ma muli o kēia, ʻo nā poʻo o ia mau ʻano he lilac a ʻulaʻula paha o nā ʻano like ʻole. Ua ʻoi aku ko lākou waiwai ma mua o ke kāpeti keʻokeʻo, akā ʻaneʻane like ka waiwai o ka meaʻai, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huaora C i ke kāpeti ʻulaʻula. Ua oi aku kona mau poo.
Loaʻa i ka kāpena keʻokeʻo i nā poʻo mai ka 5 a 15% mea maloʻo, me ka 3-7% sugars, a hiki i ka 2,3% protein, a hiki i ka 54 mg% ascorbic acid (vitamin C). I ka ʻulaʻula kāpeti, 8-12% mea maloʻo, me 4-6% sugars, 1,5-2% protein, a hiki i 62 mg% ascorbic acid, a me ka carotene, nā huaora B1, a me B2, pantothenic acid, salts sodium , potassium, calcium, phosphorus, hao, iodine.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe loa ka waiwai o ka meaʻai o ke kāpeti, aia nā amino acids a me nā mea trace e pono ai no ke kino, a ʻo ka mea nui loa, he pūʻulu nui o nā huaora (C, hui B, PP, K, U, etc.) .
ʻO nā ʻōpuʻu Brussels (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera DC) ulu ʻia no nā ʻōpuʻu lau (nā poʻo) aia ma ka lōʻihi o ke kumu. Loaʻa iā lākou he 13-21% mea maloʻo, me ka 2,5-5,5% sugars, a hiki i ka 7% protein; Aia ia i ka 290 mg% o ka waikawa ascorbic (vitamina C), 0,7-1,2 mg% o ka carotene (provitamin A), nā huaora B1, B2, B6, nā paʻakai o ka sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, hao, iodine. Ma ke ʻano o ka maʻiʻo vitamina C, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o nā ʻano kāpeti ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka puaʻala (Brassica cauliflora Luzg.) kū i waho no kona ʻano kiʻekiʻe o nā huaora C, B1, B2, B6, PP a me nā paʻakai mineral.
Broccoli – kāpeti asparagus (Brassica cauliflora subsp. simplex Lizg.). He poʻo keʻokeʻo ko ka puaʻala, ʻoiai he poʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka broccoli. He meaʻai nui ka moʻomeheu. Loaʻa iā ia he 2,54% kō, ma kahi o 10% solids, 83-108 mg% ascorbic acid, carotenes, a me nā hua B, PP, choline, methionine. ʻOi aku ka waiwai o Broccoli i ka calcium a me ka phosphorus ma mua o ka pua puaʻa. Pono e mālama ʻia nā poʻo ʻokiʻoki i loko o ka friji, no ka mea, huli koke lākou i ka melemele. No ka ʻohi ʻana no ka hoʻoilo, ua maloʻo lākou i loko o nā ʻeke plastik.
Lettuce lau (Lactuca saliva var. secalina Alef). ʻO kāna pono nui ka precocity, hoʻomohala ia i kahi rosette o nā lau succulent mākaukau no ka ʻai ʻana 25-40 mau lā ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana. ʻAi ʻia nā lau letus a hou a maka.
Aia nā lau letus mai ka 4 a hiki i ka 11% mea maloʻo, me ka 4% sugars a hiki i ka 3% crude protein. Akā ʻaʻole kaulana ka letus no kāna mau meaʻai. Loaʻa i ka nui o nā paʻakai o nā metala koʻikoʻi no ke kino: potassium (a hiki i 3200 mg%), calcium (a hiki i 108 mg%) a me ka hao. ʻO nā lau o kēia mea kanu kahi kumu o nā huaora a pau i ʻike ʻia i nā mea kanu: B1, B2, C, P, PP, K, E, folic acid, carotene (provitamin A). A ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi ko lākou ʻike piha, akā hoʻomaikaʻi i kēlā ʻano vitamina piha piha, nā lau letus e hoʻoikaika ikaika i ka digestion a me ka metabolism i ke kino. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia i ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela mua, ke nui a emi mai paha ka pōloli vitamina.
Parsley (Petroselinum hortense Hoffm.) Loaʻa ka nui o ka huaora C (a hiki i 300 mg%) a me ka huaora A (carotene a hiki i 11 mg%). ʻO nā aila pono i loko o ia mea he hopena maikaʻi i nā ʻāpana digestive.
ʻO ka ʻike o nā huaora i 100 g o ka paʻi paʻi (mg%): carotene - 0,03, vitamina B1 - 0,1, vitamina B2 - 0,086, vitamin PP - 2,0, vitamin B6 - 0,23, vitamina C - 41,0, XNUMX.
Of meaʻai lāʻau ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā puaʻa guinea i nā lālā aspen, maple, lehu, willow, linden, acacia, lehu mauna (me nā lau a me nā hua), birch a me nā lālā o nā lāʻau coniferous.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻohi ʻana i nā meaʻai lālā no ka hoʻoilo i Iune-Iulai, i ka wā i ʻoi aku ka momona o nā lālā. ʻOki ʻia nā lālā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa ma mua o 1 knm ma ke kumu a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā broom liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i 1 mika ka lōʻihi, a laila kau ʻia ʻelua e maloʻo ma lalo o kahi canopy.
ʻO ka hānai lōʻihi o nā puaʻa guinea me ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo i nā mea nui e hāʻawi iā lākou i nā huaora, nā minerala a me ka protein piha, kahi e kōkua ai i ka mahi ʻana i nā holoholona ʻōpio olakino maikaʻi.
ʻO ka meaʻai momona no nā puaʻa guinea
ʻO nā meaʻai momona nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai i mea nui loa no ka ʻai a ka puaʻa. Akā ʻaʻole palekana a olakino nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai no nā puaʻa guinea.
Oe E hoʻi Like A
Hiki i nā hamsters ke loaʻa i ka waiū, ka paʻakai, ka ʻaila ʻawaʻawa a me ke kefir (nā huahana waiū no nā ʻano Dzungarian a me Suria)
He aha ka mea e hānai ai i nā ʻiole kāhiko?
