Cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio

He aha ka cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio?

ʻO Cryptorchidism ka ʻōlelo lapaʻau no ka hiki ʻole o hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻelua ke iho i loko o ka scrotum. Hoʻoulu ka testicles ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā puʻupaʻa i loko o ka ʻōpū a komo maʻamau i ka scrotum i ʻelua mahina. I kekahi mau ʻīlio, hiki i kēia ke hana ma hope, akā naʻe, pono e puka i waho nā testicles ma mua o ka makahiki ʻeono.

Inā ʻaʻole i iho ka ʻīlio i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha testicles ma hope o ʻelua a ʻehā mahina, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia maʻi.

He maʻi genetic kēia i loaʻa i kekahi mau ʻīlio a hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia i nā keiki e ka makua kāne inā ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Hōʻike ka maʻi i ka iho ʻole ʻana a i ʻole ka iho piha ʻole o nā testicles. I loko o nā ʻīlio me ka ʻole o kēia maʻi, e iho nā testicles iā lākou iho i loko o ka scrotum.

I ka cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio, ʻaʻole i loko o ka scrotum nā testicles.

Noho lākou i loko o ka canal inguinal a i ʻole ma ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka canal inguinal ka wahi e iho ai ka testicle. Hele ia ma ka paia o ka ʻōpū a komo i kahi kokoke i ka ʻōpū. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ka testicle ke noho ma ka ʻāʻī ma lalo o ka ʻili.

Nā ʻano o ka cryptorchidism

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka Cryptorchidism i kahi o nā testicles a me kā lākou helu i ka scrotum. Ma muli o kēia, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano ʻīlio cryptorchid.

ʻŌpū

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka Cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio ma kahi o ka testis. Inā noho kekahi testicle i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ʻo ia ka ʻōpū. ʻO ke anatomically, maʻamau mai ka wā ʻōpiopio, ulu nā hōʻike i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū ma ka ʻāpana o nā puʻupaʻa a hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā kaula kokoke i ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻōpū. E huki mālie nā ligaments kūikawā i ka testis ma ke kahawai a hoʻopili iā ia i ka scrotum. Akā me kēia pathology, ʻaʻole hiki kēia. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hōʻike e nā diagnostics ʻike i loko o ke keʻena. ʻO ka pinepine ma hope o ka wehe ʻana.

Inguinal

Inā he cryptorchid ka ʻīlio, a laila aia paha ka testis i loko o ka canal inguinal a hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili ma ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ma hope o ka hele ʻana i ka canal inguinal, pono e komo ka testicle i ka scrotum, akā ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona anatomical, hiki ke hele ma lalo o ka ʻili i ka ʻāpana ʻāʻī. ʻO ke kumu paha he kaula spermatic pōkole loa a i ʻole kahi kīnā i ka canal inguinal.

Unilateral

ʻO ka cryptorchidism unilateral i nā ʻīlio he maʻi maʻi kahi e iho ai kekahi testicle i loko o ka scrotum, a noho ka lua i loko o ka canal inguinal a i ʻole ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Me kēia ʻano cryptorchidism, hōʻike ka puaʻa i nā hōʻailona maʻamau o kahi kāne i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia - ka hopu wahine, ka hoʻomāinoino, ka waiho ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me ka makemake moe. Hiki i nā kāne ke hana i ka sperm, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomomona pinepine.

Pili ʻelua

Me ka cryptorchidism bilateral, aia nā hōʻike ʻelua i loko o ke kino, a ua nele ka scrotum. ʻAʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia, no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e ulu. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka wela kūpono ʻole i loaʻa ai nā testicles, ʻaʻole hiki i ka spermatozoa ke hana a hoʻomohala, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka male ʻole. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia kēlā mau kāne i ka makemake moe kolohe a me ka moe kolohe.

wahahee

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia hoʻokahi hua manu i loko o ka scrotum a nalowale paha, ma muli o ka wahi o ke kino. ʻO kēia ka mea i kapa ʻia he cryptorchidism wahaheʻe. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke kaula testicular e puka i loko o ka scrotum. Aka, ua akea loa ka auwai o ka inguinal, a ua hiki ke ne'e ka ipu i hope a i waho.

Nui nā kumu - ka haʻahaʻa o ke kaumaha o ka ʻīlio, nā maʻi o ka ulu ʻana, ka hānai pono ʻole, ka hoʻoikaika kino kino. E ʻae i ka wahaheʻe, akā ʻo ia ka cryptorchidism, a pono nō hoʻi ka mālama ʻana.

Nā kumu o ka cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio

Hōʻike kekahi mau haʻawina ʻo ka cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio he maʻi genetic i hoʻoili ʻia mai ka makua kāne i ke keiki. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui ʻole e hānai i nā ʻīlio me kēia maʻi, no ka mea, ua hoʻoili ʻia nā genes. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kāne me kēia maʻi genetic ke hānau hou ma muli o ka sterility. Loaʻa ia i nā holoholona me nā testicles iho ʻole ʻelua. Ma ia ʻano, ʻaʻole i iho mai nā testicles ʻelua a ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻīlio ke hana hou no ka mea ʻaʻole i hana pono nā sperm cell. ʻO kēia ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ke kino no ko lākou hoʻokumu ʻana, a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaha wale i ka scrotum.

Hōʻike nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia kēlā pathology e nā kumu genetic. Akā, ua ʻōlelo ʻia he anomaly kēia e pili ana i hoʻokahi ʻīlio mai ka ʻōpala ma muli o kekahi mea i hana ʻia i ka wā hāpai.

Inā he maʻi hoʻoilina a i ʻole kaiapuni paha kēia maʻi, ʻaʻohe ala e pale aku ai. Pono ka mea nona ka ʻīlio e mālama i ka holoholona. ʻO ke ala wale nō e hōʻoia ai ʻaʻole loaʻa ka ʻīlio ʻē aʻe i ka pathological ʻaʻole ia e hānai ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana.

Laha Predisposition

ʻO Cryptorchidism kahi kīnā maʻamau i nā ʻīlio. ʻO nā ʻano i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kēia pilikia: Yorkshire Terrier, Pomeranian, Poodle, Siberian Husky, Miniature Schnauzer, Scottish Shepherd, Chihuahua, German Shepherd, Dachshund, a me nā ʻano e pili ana i nā brachycephals.

Hiki ke pilikia kekahi ʻīlio, no ka mea, ua hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi ma nā ʻano ʻano āpau. Loaʻa i nā ʻīlio liʻiliʻi kēia ʻano ma mua o nā ʻīlio nui. Eia naʻe, ʻoiai ʻo kēia, ʻo nā kahu hipa Kelemania, nā pahu pahu a me nā Staffordshire Terriers he kiʻekiʻe loa ka maʻi o kēia maʻi.

E like me kā mākou i ʻike mua ai, loaʻa i kēia ʻano kahi predisposition genetic, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka mīkini hoʻouna pololei.

ʻO ka hōʻailona o ka cryptorchidism

He mea maʻalahi ka ʻike inā loaʻa kēia maʻi i ka ʻīlio - pono ʻoe e nānā i ka scrotum. Inā loaʻa kahi mea i nalowale, a laila maopopo ka ʻike.

Eia kekahi, ma ka nānā ʻana a me ka palpation (palpation me kou mau lima) hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka testicle inā aia ia i loko o ka canal inguinal a i ʻole ma lalo o ka ʻili ma ka ʻāpana ʻāʻī.

Akā, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka nānā ʻike maka e ʻike pono i kahi o kahi testicle i nalowale. ʻO ka ultrasound abdominal a i ʻole x-ray e hiki ai i ke kauka holoholona ke ʻike i kahi o ka testicle i loko o ke kino o ka ʻīlio. Me ka cryptorchidism i loko o kahi ʻīlio, liʻiliʻi loa nā testicles i hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ʻia a i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, ke ʻike ʻole ʻia lākou ma ka ultrasound a me nā x-ray, hana ʻia kahi CT scan e hoʻoholo ai i ka localization o ke kino.

I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo hormone. Pono kēia i ka wā e hōʻike ai ke kāne i ka ʻano wahine a i ʻole ka ʻīlio i ka ʻole o ka testicles akā ke ʻano he kāne. He ho'āʻo kēia no ke kiʻekiʻe o nā hormones wahine a me nā kāne. Lawe ʻia ke koko mai ka ʻīlio a hoʻoholo ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hormone i loko o ke koko, a laila hāʻawi ʻia kahi hopena inā he testicles ka holoholona.

No ka hoʻoholo inā he cryptorchid ka ʻīlio ma ka home, e nānā i ka ʻāpana o ka scrotum, hoʻopā iā ia. ʻO ka maʻamau, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo aia ʻelua testicles paʻa i loko o nā ʻeke. Inā nele kekahi o nā ʻeke, pono ʻoe e nīnau i ke kauka.

Ka mālama ʻana i ka cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio

Aia kekahi mau mea pono ʻoe e nānā me kāu kauka lapaʻau i ka wā e ʻimi ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka cryptorchidism o kāu pipi:

• E ʻike inā he bilateral a unilateral paha ka maʻi.

• He aha nā ʻanuʻu e hana ai i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻīlio?

• Aia ma kahi o ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka ʻōpū.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono wale nō, ʻo ia ka neuter i kāu ʻīlio cryptorchid (ʻo ia hoʻi e wehe i nā testicles ʻelua).

ʻO kekahi hana ʻē aʻe e ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ke kaʻina hana e hoʻopili ai ka mea lapaʻau i ka testicle ma kahi, ma ka scrotum. He pono ʻole kēia kaʻina hana a ʻaʻole pono e hana ʻia e nā kauka a me nā mea nona ka pono.

He nui nā pilikia o ia hana, no ka mea, make pinepine nā testicles i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, lilo i inflamed, a pono ʻoe e hoʻolei i ka ʻīlio ma ke kumu pilikia.

ʻO ka neutering i kahi ʻīlio cryptorchid he hana paʻakikī ia ma mua o ka ʻīlio olakino no ka mea hiki ke komo i kahi ʻoki i loko o ka ʻōpū a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manawa hana.

Inā makemake kāu ʻīlio i nā testicles e hoʻokūkū ai i nā hōʻikeʻike, aia nā testicles prosthetic i loaʻa no nā kumu hoʻonaninani. Kapa ʻia lākou naytics.

ʻOiai ke kū'ē nei kekahi poʻe i ke kaʻina hana o ka castration, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo no nā holoholona me kēia pathology, pono kēia ana.

ʻO kēia no ka mea e hoʻopau ke kaʻina hana i ka hemahema genetic a ʻaʻole e hāʻawi ka ʻīlio iā ia i nā keiki.

ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole he testicle o ka ʻīlio, e mau nō kona ʻano like me nā ʻīlio i loaʻa nā testicle ʻelua. 'O ia ho'i, hiki iā ia ke hō'ike i ka hana ho'omāinoino, hō'ailona i ka mimi a me nā mea hou aku.

Akā ʻo ke kumu koʻikoʻi o ka neutering i kahi ʻīlio cryptorchid ʻo ia ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi testicular, no ka mea, aia ka hua manu i hala ʻole i ke ʻano wela a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomohala pololei. Eia kekahi, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka ʻeha ma muli o kahi okana kūpono ʻole.

Hoʻomākaukau no kahi hana

Inā he cryptorchid ke kāne a ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i ka castration, pono e hoʻomākaukau no ka hana. He kūlana maʻamau ʻo ia. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka localization o nā testicles - ma ka hoʻokolokolo a i ʻole ultrasound a me nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe.

A laila, ho'āʻo ka ʻīlio i ke koko, x-ray umauma, ECG e loiloi i ke kūlana physiological a hoʻoholo i nā pilikia anesthesia.

Manaʻo ʻia ʻo 3-4 mau pule ma mua o ka hana ʻana e hana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā parasites a hahai i ka papa hana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

No 8-12 mau hola ma mua o ka hana, ʻaʻole hānai ʻia ka holoholona, ​​ʻike ʻia ka pōloli. Hiki ke inu i ka wai me ke kapu ole.

Pehea ka hana?

Hoʻohana ʻia ka Cryptorchidism i nā kāne ma ke ʻano o ka ʻokiʻoki, a ʻo ke ʻano o ka hana e hilinaʻi ʻia ma kahi o nā testes.

Inā aia nā testicles ma lalo o ka ʻili, a laila hele ka hana i nā pae aʻe: ka wehe ʻana o ka lauoho a me ka antisepsis ʻili, hana ʻia kahi ʻoki ma luna o ka testis, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā ʻiʻo a puni, ua kāwili ʻia ka testis a me ka moku. a okiia ka ohe. A laila, humuhumu ʻia ka ʻeha.

Inā aia ka testis i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, a laila hana ʻia kahi hana paʻakikī. Pono ke kauka lapaʻau e hana i kahi ʻoki i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū ma ka laina keʻokeʻo o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ma ka ʻāʻī. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka testicle, e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā ʻiʻo, e hana doping (constriction) o nā moku a ʻoki ʻia. E humuhumu i ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻili.

Mālama ʻīlio

ʻAʻole e loli ka mālama inā wehe ʻia hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha testicles mai kahi ʻīlio, he mea nui ko lākou wahi. Inā aia ka testicle ma lalo o ka ʻili, a laila e like ka hoʻoponopono ʻana me ka castration maʻamau - ka mālama ʻana i ka suture a me ka pale ʻana mai ka licking. Inā noho nā testicles i loko o ka ʻōpū, e lōʻihi ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana.

No ka mea, pono ka ilio e hana i ka opu (i loko o ka opu), e loihi ka manawa e ola hou ai ka ilio mamua o ka hoolei kahiko ana. I kēia hihia, ua like loa ka manawa hoʻihoʻi me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā bitches spayed.

E noho mālie no ka liʻiliʻi ʻelua pule ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana i ka wā e ola ai nā humuhumu.

Pono paha ka ʻīlio e ʻaʻahu i ke kāʻei a i ʻole ke kola ʻo Elizabethan e mālama ai i nā humuhumu ʻana mai ka palu ʻana.

Hiki i ke kauka lapaʻau ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi noho maʻi no hoʻokahi pō ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi piha ʻana ma kahi o 10-14 mau lā.

Inā hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka ʻīlio i ka home me ka anesthesia, a laila pono e hoʻomalu i ka mahana o ke kino, hāʻawi i kahi moena mahana a maloʻo, e nānā i kāna neʻe ʻana a puni ke keʻena i ʻole e hōʻeha iā ia iho.

Ke ho'ōla ka'īlio mai ka hana, pono e hahai i kekahi mau rula i ke ola. ʻO ka mea mua, e nānā i nā ʻano o ka hānai ʻana a hoʻohana i ka meaʻai no nā ʻīlio neutered me ka pale ʻana i ke kaumaha nui a me ka urolithiasis. Mai palaualelo a komo i nā pāʻani ikaika me kāu pipi. E hana i nā hoʻokolohua olakino maʻamau, i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma hope o 6-7 mau makahiki.

hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

1. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka cryptorchidism i loko o nā ʻīlio he maʻi maʻi genetically.

2. ʻO Cryptorchidism i loko o kahi ʻīlio ʻaʻole ia he hoʻopaʻi make, akā pono e mālama ʻia e kahi ʻoihana.

3. No ka hana ʻana i kahi hōʻailona, ​​​​ua lawa pinepine ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻīlio, i kekahi manawa e hana ʻia kahi ultrasound abdominal.

4. ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio he castration. ʻO nā ʻīlio i hana i kēia ʻokiʻoki maʻamau i ka wā ʻōpio he wānana maikaʻi loa a alakaʻi i ke ola maʻamau.

5. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻīlio i ka castration a hoʻemi i ka nui o nā hoʻopiʻi ʻano, akā hoʻopau hoʻi i ka lawe ʻana i kēia kīnā genetic i nā keiki.

6. I ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻīlio i ka maʻi kanesa, ʻike i ka ʻeha ma kahi o uXNUMXbuXNUMXbthe testis maʻi.

Nā pane i nā nīnau e nīnau pinepine ʻia

Sources:

1. Utkina IO "Population-genetic ala i ka kālailai 'ana o ka hoʻoilina o anomalies i loko o nā'īlio" // Collection "Materials o ka honua 'epekema kūkā o kumu, noiʻi a me nā haumāna puka", SPbGAVM, St. Petersburg 2006

2. Alekseevich LA "Genetics of domesticated animals" // Barabanova LV, Suller IL, St. Petersburg, 2000

3. Padgett J. "Ka mana o nā maʻi hoʻoilina i nā ʻīlio" // Moscow, 2006