Anemia i nā ʻīlio
Aia nā anemias regenerative (me ka lawa o ka iwi iwi), e ulu ana ma hope o ke koko a hemolysis, a me ka non-regenerative, a i ʻole hypoplastic, me ka erythropoiesis i hōʻemi ʻia a paʻa loa paha, no ka laʻana, ma muli o nā maʻi o ka iwi iwi.
ʻAʻole ʻo Anemia kahi maʻi kikoʻī, akā he hōʻailona i loaʻa i nā ʻīlio me nā ʻano pathologies.
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Nā kumu o ka Anemia i nā ʻīlio
He aha nā kumu o ke koko ʻulaʻula haʻahaʻa, ka hemoglobin a me ka hematocrit i nā ʻīlio? Hiki i ka nui o nā pathologies ke alakaʻi i ka ulu ʻana o ka anemia i nā ʻīlio, eia ka mea maʻamau o lākou:
ka hele ʻana o ke koko ma muli o ka trauma a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻeha ma ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū;
ka hānai pono ʻole (ka nele o ka hao a i ʻole ke keleawe i ka ʻai);
lawa ʻole ka hana ʻana o ka hormone erythropoietin, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula i loko o ka iwi iwi (no ka laʻana, i ka hana ʻole o ka renal, hypothyroidism);
ʻona (ʻona me nā metala kaumaha, nā meaʻai e like me nā aniani a me ke kāleka);
ʻino ʻino i ka iwi iwi e kekahi mau lāʻau, e like me nā lāʻau anticancer, phenylbutazone, chloramphenicol, etc.;
nā maʻi maʻi (piroplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, parvovirus enteritis);
a me nā ʻano hana pathological ʻē aʻe i loko o ka iwi iwi hiki ke hana i ka anemia i nā ʻīlio (myelodysplasia, myelo- a me nā maʻi lymphoproliferative, metastases).
Nā ʻano anemia
Anemia hoʻohou
Hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia ka anemia regenerative ma muli o ke kahe o ke koko a i ʻole ka hemolysis (ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kaʻina hana o ka luku ʻana i nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula). Me ke kahe o ke koko (ma muli o ka trauma, ulcers a i ʻole nā kaʻina pathological ʻē aʻe), e emi ana ka nui o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, akā mālama ʻia ko lākou ola maʻamau. Me ka anemia hemolytic i nā ʻīlio, e emi ana ke ola o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula - hoʻomaka lākou e wāwahi ma mua o ka manawa. Eia kekahi, i ka anemia hemolytic, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hiki o ka iwi iwi ke ola, no ka mea, i ka wā o ke koko, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hao mai ke kino me nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a i ka wā hemolysis, komo ia i ke kahe koko a hoʻohana ʻia i ka synthesis o ka hemoglobin. . ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona maʻamau i ko mākou ʻāina ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka anemia hemolytic immune-mediated i nā ʻīlio e kū'ē i ke kua o ka piroplasmosis (he maʻi i hoʻouna ʻia ma o ka nahu tick).
Anemia non-regenerative
ʻO ka hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka anemia non-regenerative (hypoplastic) he pale ʻoi loa ia o ka erythropoiesis, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua pau ka hana ʻana o nā ʻulaʻula hou. I kēia hihia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi hōʻino wale i ka erythropoiesis, ke emi wale ka helu o nā erythrocytes i loko o ke koko, a me ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka iwi iwi, i ka wā e emi ai ka nui o nā erythrocytes, leukocytes, a me nā platelets i ke koko (no laila- kapa ʻia ʻo pancytopenia).
ʻO ka anemia hypoplastic kahi maʻi lua, no laila ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi lalo ma mua o nā hōʻailona maoli o ka anemia. No laila, no ka laʻana, i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, e hoʻolohe mua nā mea nona ka nui o ka makewai, ka mimi pinepine, ka pohō kaumaha a me ka ʻala mai ka waha, i mua o nā neoplasms - ʻo ka hōʻailona mua ka cachexia (ka luhi loa o ke kino). i ke alo o ka endocrine pathologies i nā ʻīlio - bilateral symmetrical loss coat, etc.
Me ka anemia non-regenerative, e ulu mālie nā hōʻailona, akā, ʻo ka maʻi ʻoi loa o ka maʻi e hiki ke hoʻomohala i ka anemia (pallor, apathy, puʻuwai wikiwiki a me ka hanu). No ka anemia regenerative, ʻoi aku ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaka koke ʻana o nā hōʻailona.
Nā hōʻailona o ka Anemia i nā ʻīlio
ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka anemia ma nā ʻīlio e pili ana i ka nui o ke kahe o ke koko, ka hiki ke uku ʻia ke kino, a me ka paʻakikī o ke kaʻina hana. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻelua me ka maʻi anemia a me ka maʻi maʻi, ʻaʻole paha e nānā ka mea nona nā loli i ka ʻano o ka holoholona.
Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, me ke kahe koko nui, ʻo nā hōʻailona penei:
lethargy;
ʻeleʻele o nā membrane mucous;
nā hōʻailona o ka haʻalulu;
ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ke koko (i ke alo o ke koko i loko, aia paha nā feces ʻeleʻele - kahi hōʻailona o ke koko i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia).
Me ke kahe koko mau, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike:
ʻeleʻele o nā membrane mucous;
ka manaʻo ʻole, ka lethargy o ka holoholona;
hoʻemi i ka hoʻomanawanui i ka hana kino;
maule paha;
he mea maʻamau ka makemake ʻino.
Akā, ʻoiai ʻo ka hōʻike maopopo ʻana o nā hōʻailona i ka hele ʻana o ka anemia i loko o kahi holoholona, pono e hana i nā diagnostics laboratory - ma ka liʻiliʻi e hele i kahi hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau - e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka anemia, kona kumu a me ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi.
lapaʻau '
No ka ʻike ʻana i ka anemia a hoʻoholo i kona ʻano, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau, i hōʻoia ʻia e ka hoʻokolokolo cytological o kahi smear koko, ua lawa.
Me ka anemia regenerative, e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ka emi ʻana o ka hemoglobin, hematocrit, a me ka helu o nā koko ʻulaʻula. I kekahi mau hihia, e hana i kahi hōʻailona, ua lawa wale ke aʻo ʻana i kahi kulu o ke koko i nā ʻīlio no ka hematocrit - e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia. I kekahi manawa he hoʻololi i ke ʻano a me ka ʻili o nā erythrocytes - anisocytosis a me polychromasia. Hoʻonui ʻia ka nui awelika o nā erythrocytes a i ʻole i loko o ka pae maʻamau, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka awelika o ka hemoglobin i loko o ka erythrocyte i nā ʻīlio a i ʻole i loko o ka pae maʻamau.
Me ka anemia hemolytic, loaʻa nā hoʻololi kūikawā o waho i nā erythrocytes - spherocytosis a i ʻole schizocytosis.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka anemia regenerative a me ka non-regenerative anemia he hoʻonui i ka nui o nā ʻano ʻōpio ʻulaʻula ("'ōpiopio") - reticulocytes (ʻo ia hoʻi, reticulocytosis) a me ka emi ʻana o ka hematocrit. Akā i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka anemia regenerative, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka helu o nā reticulocytes (e like me ka hypoplastic anemia) - i loko o ia ʻano, pono paha ka ʻāʻī o ka iwi e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka anemia. Me ka anemia regenerative, ʻike ʻia ka hyperplasia iwi iwi, a me ka hypoplastic ʻaʻole ia.
Inā kānalua ʻia ka anemia hemolytic autoimmune (AIGA i nā ʻīlio), hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo antiglobulin kūikawā kūikawā, ka hoʻāʻo Coombs. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā antibodies i nā erythrocytes, spherocytosis a me polychromasia e hōʻoia i ka maʻi.
ʻO ka hoʻokolohua cytological o kahi smear koko ʻaʻole i emi iki ka mea nui ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko maʻamau i hana ʻia e ka mea ananely - e like me ia, ke alakaʻi nei ke kauka lapaʻau i kahi loiloi morphological piha o ke ʻano o ke koko, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke ʻano a me ke kumu. anemia.
Anemia i nā ʻīlio
I loko o nā ʻīlio, hiki ke hana ʻia ka anemia ma muli o ka hānai ʻole ʻana, ka loaʻa ʻana o ka helminthic infestation, a i ʻole kahi maʻi viral e like me ka parvovirus enteritis. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻoiai ka laha ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ka parvovirus enteritis he mea maʻamau a paʻakikī ke mālama i ka maʻi. Akā, ʻo ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻano hana uku i nā ʻīlio, a i ka wā i hoʻōki ʻia ai ka maʻi o lalo, nalo koke ka anemia i loko o nā ʻīlio.
Lapaʻau no ka Anemia ma nā ʻīlio
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, nīnau nā mea nona nā kauka i nā nīnau penei: "He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā he haʻahaʻa ka hemoglobin i ka ʻīlio?" a i ʻole "Pono kaʻu ʻīlio i ke kahe koko?" Akā, ma mua o ka mālama ʻana i ka anemia i loko o kahi ʻīlio, pono ʻoe e ʻimi i ke kumu i hoʻokumu ʻia ai.
ʻO ka mea mua, ua kuhikuhi ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no ka maʻi: no ka laʻana, inā he maʻi koko-parasitic kahi ʻīlio, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hana i ka parasite no ka mālama ʻana. Inā loaʻa ka anemia i loko o kahi ʻīlio ma muli o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, pono ia e lawe i ka maʻi ma lalo o ka hoʻomalu a alakaʻi i kahi papa o ka hormone erythropoietin. Inā loaʻa ka anemia ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka hānai ʻana, a laila e pane ka mea ʻai meaʻai holoholona i ka nīnau pehea e hoʻonui ai i ka hemoglobin i kahi ʻīlio.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o ka hao, cyanocobalamin a me ka folic acid supplements, ʻoi loa, ʻaʻole ia e lawe mai i kekahi pōmaikaʻi i ka holoholona, a hiki i ka manawa nalowale ke hoʻopilikia i kona olakino. Ma keʻano laulā, hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā ʻano hana lapaʻau mai ka paʻakikī o ka anemia a me ka hōʻike ʻana o nā hōʻailona i nā ʻīlio.
Me ka lohi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka anemia i loko o ke kino, loaʻa i nā mīkini uku ka manawa e hana ai, a no laila ʻo ka anemia maʻamau (hematocrit ʻoi aku ma mua o 25%), ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole pono ka mālama mālama. I ka anemia koʻikoʻi (hematocrit ma lalo o 15-20%), hoʻomohala ʻia ka pōloli oxygen, no laila, pono e kaupalena i ka hoʻoikaika kino a me ke kahe koko.
ʻO ka anemia hypoplastic koʻikoʻi, hiki ke pili me ka oncology a me nā kūlana koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe, pili pinepine ʻia me kahi prognosis maikaʻi ʻole a koi i ka mālama lōʻihi.
I ka hihia o ka anemia koʻikoʻi, pono e loiloi ʻia ka hematocrit a me ka smear koko i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 1-1 mau lā, me kahi kūlana paʻa o ka holoholona a me kahi papa maʻi - i kēlā me kēia 2-1 pule.
Pono ka maʻi maʻi maʻi i ka anemia regenerative acute. Me ka nui o ke koko, hiki ke ha'alulu a me ka ona, no laila pono e ho'ouna i ka pipi i ke ke'ena i ka hikiwawe, kahi e kōkua 'ia ai. I nā lā mua ʻekolu, e hōʻike ʻia ka puaʻa i ka infusion therapy, inā pono, kahi kahe koko.
Hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā mea hoʻomākaukau hao ma ka waha a i ʻole ke kino no nā ʻīlio. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he kūpono ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui hao i ke alo o ka anemia deficiency hao, he mea maʻamau i nā ʻīlio. Ke ulu nei kēia ʻano anemia me ka lōʻihi o ke kahe koko mau ʻana a me ka lawa ʻole o ka hānai ʻana; pono nā diagnostics kūikawā e hōʻoia i ka maʻi (ke ana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hormone ferritin, ka loiloi o ka mana paʻa hao, a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe).
No ka anemia hemolytic i nā ʻīlio, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā.
ʻIke ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko maʻamau, ma ka pae mua - i kēlā me kēia lā, me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke ʻano - i kēlā me kēia 3-5 mau lā. ʻO ka maʻamau, me ka pau ʻana o ke kahe koko nui, hoʻihoʻi ʻia nā helu koko ʻulaʻula i loko o 14 mau lā.
ʻai
ʻO ka meaʻai no ka anemia he meaʻai kaulike a kūpono. I ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻīlio me nā meaʻai ʻoihana kūikawā, ʻaʻole hiki ke anemia. Akā inā hānai ʻoe i ka ʻīlio mai ka papaʻaina, nā meaʻai meaʻai, a laila ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia nā pilikia. ʻO ka meaʻai pēpē hiki ke aloha nui ʻia e nā mea nona ka nui, he mea weliweli loa ia no nā ʻīlio - loaʻa pinepine ia i ka aniani a me ke kālika i ka nui i ʻae ʻia no nā keiki ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonui ʻono, akā i nā ʻīlio hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoulu i ka anemia hemolytic. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā aniani a me ke kāleka i ka meaʻai: ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i nā aniani a i ʻole ke kāleka i ka nui o 5 g / kg o ke kaumaha o ke kino he mea ʻawaʻawa a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka anemia koʻikoʻi.
Kāohi
No ka mea ʻaʻole he maʻi kūʻokoʻa ka anemia, ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kumu kumu.
ʻO ka mea mua, he meaʻai kaulike ia no nā holoholona. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake e hānai i kāu ʻīlio i nā meaʻai i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, e ʻoluʻolu e ʻimi i ke kōkua o ka meaʻai meaʻai holoholona no ke kōkua ʻana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā meaʻai pākahi. No ka laʻana, e kōkua nā meaʻai meaʻai ma ka Petstory mobile application iā ʻoe e hana i kēlā ʻano meaʻai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoiho iā ia mai ka loulou.
ʻO ka lua, ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka manawa kūpono e like me nā hoʻolālā i ʻae ʻia e nā mea lapaʻau hiki ke pale aku i nā holoholona mai ka maʻi me nā maʻi viral koʻikoʻi hiki ke alakaʻi i ka anemia a i ʻole ka make.
ʻO ke kolu, ʻaʻole pono mākou e poina e pili ana i ka mālama maʻamau o nā parasites - i loko (helminths) a me waho (fleas and ticks).
ʻO ka hā, ʻaʻole i emi iki ka nānā ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau o nā holoholona e ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi i ka wā mua. Hōʻike ʻia nā holoholona kahiko ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi i ka makahiki e lawe i nā hoʻāʻo koko no ka pale ʻana - maʻamau a me ka biochemical.
ʻAʻole ka ʻatikala he kāhea e hana!
No ka ʻike kikoʻī hou aku o ka pilikia, manaʻo mākou e hoʻopili i kahi loea.
E nīnau i ke kauka
October 13 2020
Hana hou ʻia: Pepeluali 13, 2021
