X-ray no nā honu. Pehea, kahi e hana ai, pehea e maopopo ai?

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā kukui X ma kēlā me kēia keʻena lapaʻau a i ʻole ke keʻena lāʻau holoholona i lako me kahi mīkini X-ray.

No ke aha i hana ʻia ai kahi x-ray? 1. E nānā i ka ma'i ma'i 'a'ai (pneumonia) 2. E nānā i nā kino 'ē i loko o ka 'ōpū o nā honu a i 'ole nā ​​hua manu o ka wahine. 3. E nānā inā he haʻihaʻi o ka lālā.

Inā he hiʻohiʻona ke kiʻi, a laila mai kahi mamao o 90 cm, ʻo nā ʻāpana pana e like me 40-45 kV a me 6-12 mas.

No ka ruby ​​makua e ʻike i nā hua: ma kahi o 50 kV ma 10 mA. Inā he kānalua ka hana maikaʻi ʻole o ka pūpū hua, a laila ʻo ke ʻano pana ʻana he 45-50-55 kV / 10-15mAs. Nānā ʻia nā hua manu a me ka patency o ka ʻōpū ma kahi dorso-ventral projection.

I ka ʻike ʻana i nā haʻihaʻi: 40-45 kV a me 6-12 mA

ʻO ka nui o ka honu, ʻo ka "paʻakikī" ka pana. No ka wahine waena o Central Asia, ʻo ke ʻano "awelika" he 40kV x 6-10 mAs.

No nā holoholona wai liʻiliʻi a me ka ʻāina me ka hoʻohuoi ʻia he kino ʻē a ʻaʻa ʻia paha ka x-ray: ʻelua x-ray, ma ka dorso-ventral (mai ke kua) a me ka lateral projection, ke ʻano pana ma kahi o 40kV x 10-15 mAs (no ka radiologist kēia). ʻO ke kūpono, inā he 45 mau minuke ma mua o ka pana ʻana, hoʻokomo ʻia ka 10% barium sulfate i loko o kona ʻōpū, ma kahi o 5-7 ml, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka broth starch (ʻo ia me ke keakea). No nā kiʻi radiopaque, e hoʻohana i ka omnipaque, barium sulfate, a i ʻole urographin (e like me ka urography). Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo Urografin 60% me ka wai ʻelua a hoʻokomo ʻia ka 15 ml / kg o ka hopena. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻokoʻa i loko o ka ʻōpū me ka ʻimi. Inā manaʻo keakea, lawe ʻia ʻelua kiʻi - hoʻokahi hola ma hope a me 6-8 mau hola a i ʻole 24 mau hola ma hope - a i ʻole hoʻokahi 24 mau hola ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. ʻO ke kiʻi nui loa he dorso-ventral. ʻAʻole koi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao a ʻaʻole pono pinepine, ma laila pono ʻoe e nānā i ke kūlana.

Ka manaʻo o ka maʻi pneumonia: Ma ka projection maʻamau (dorso-ventral), hoʻolālā ʻia nā ʻāpana o loko ma luna o nā māla māmā, a ma kahi o nā māmā, ʻike ʻia ko lākou mau ʻāpana. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka pneumonia i nā honu ma ka cranio-caudal projection, a ma ka ʻaoʻao - he kiʻi kōkua. Maikaʻi wale ia no nā honu nui a me waena, ma ka liʻiliʻi mai 12 knm. No nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi, e lilo ia i mea ʻike ʻole.

Inā pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka hewa o ka hui āwae: Pono ka x-ray, akā me kahi hoʻonā maikaʻi loa (e laʻa, ma kahi mammograph). ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka holoholona a hoʻāʻo e wehe i kona waha ma lalo o ka anesthesia. Inā hāʻule kēia, e hoʻokomo i kekahi mea e like me ka pā e like me ka mea hoʻonui waha a kiʻi i ke kiʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao a me ka dorso-ventral projection me ka hāmama o nā ʻauwae.