He aha ka babesiosis a ma hea kahi e noho ai nā ticks ixodid

 ʻO ka Babesiosis (piroplasmosis) o nā ʻīlio he maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke lele i ke koko, e kū mai ana a i ʻole maʻamau, ma muli o ka protozoan parasite Babesia (Piroplasma) canis a hōʻike ʻia e ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, anemic a me ka melemele o nā mucous membranes, pū kekahi. e like me ka hemoglobinuria, palpitations, atony ʻōpū.Ua ʻike ʻia kēia maʻi mai ka makahiki 1895, i ka wā i hōʻike ai ʻo GP Piana lāua ʻo B. Galli-Valerio i ka maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo "bilious fever" a i ʻole "jaundice malignant o nā ʻīlio hahai holoholona" i hana ʻia e kahi parasite koko, a ua hāʻawi lākou i ka inoa: Piroplasma bigeminum (canis variant) . Ma hope mai, ua kapa ʻia ka inoa ʻo Babesia canis. Ma Rusia, ua ʻike mua ʻia ka mea kumu kumu ʻo Babesia canis i ka makahiki 1909 e V.L. ʻO Yakimov ma St. Petersburg me kahi ʻīlio i lawe ʻia mai ka North Caucasus a me V.L. ʻO Lyubinetsky, nāna i nānā i ka pathogen ma Kyiv. Ma Belarus, N.I. kuhikuhi i ka parasitism o piroplasms (babesia) i loko o nā ilio Dylko (1977). Lawe ʻia ʻo Babesia e nā ticks ixodid o ka genus Dermacentor. Ua ʻike ka nui o nā mea noiʻi i ka hoʻoili ʻia ʻana o ka pathogen babesiosis e nā ticks, a hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻohana ʻīlio carnivorous ʻāhiu e maʻalahi hoʻi i ka maʻi me B. canis, no laila hiki iā lākou ke lawelawe ma ke ʻano he mau loko kūlohelohe. I nā makahiki ʻelua i hala iho nei, ua hoʻololi nui ʻia ke ʻano o ka laha ʻana o nā ticks. ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā i ka makahiki 1960-80 ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hihia o ka ixodid i nā ʻīlio, me nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, ma nā kuaʻāina a me nā wahi e pili ana (ma ka dacha, hunting, etc.), a laila i ka makahiki 2005-2013 ka hapa nui o nā hihia o ka hoʻouka ʻana. aia ma nā ʻāina o nā kūlanakauhale ponoʻī (ma nā paka, nā ʻāpana, a me nā pā hale). ʻOkoʻa loa nā kūlana a me ka noho ʻana o nā ticks ixodid i ke kūlanakauhale mai nā mea i loko o nā biotopes maoli. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ma ʻaneʻi: piʻi aʻe ka haumia o ka ea a me ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka oxygen i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole i hui pū ʻia nā wahi noho o ka tick ka ʻokoʻa nui o nā kūlana climatic kūloko. hana hou i nā hale kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka poʻe a me ka lawe ʻana, kā lākou neʻe ikaika. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau kūlana i ka puka ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka foci o nā ticks i ke kūlanakauhale. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa o kēlā me kēia kūlanakauhale i nā hale kahiko, ʻōpio, a me nā hale hou. ʻO ka ʻāpana kahiko o ke kūlanakauhale he wahi hale ma mua o 50 mau makahiki. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ke kūlanakauhale, ka haumia kinoea nui a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu. Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, ʻaʻohe wahi o ia wahi mai nā ticks. ʻO ke kumu nui o kā lākou hoʻolauna ʻana a me ka neʻe ʻana he mau holoholona hoʻokipa, ʻo ka pinepine ʻo nā ʻīlio. I loko o ka ʻāpana, hiki ke noho nā ʻoki i nā paka, nā ʻāpana a me nā pā kahi i loaʻa nā kumu lāʻau. Nā wahi ʻōpio - mai 5 a 50 mau makahiki i hala mai ko lākou ulu ʻana. Hōʻike ʻia lākou e kahi ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kūlanakauhale ma kēia mau ʻāina ma mua o ka wahi mua (i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, i ka wā e kūkulu ai i nā wahi hou, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ka wā o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka ʻāina, loaʻa ka manawa e hana ai nā ʻeke o ka tick infestation. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāpana i ʻelua subzones:

• nā wahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia nā ticks
• nā wahi i noho mua ʻia ai nā ticks.

 I nā subzones kahi i ʻole ai nā ixodids, ʻo ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka foci o ka tick infestation, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he hana lōʻihi. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ticks mai waho e nā holoholona hoʻokipa. A laila, e kau ana ma luna o nā mea kanu, waiho nā wahine engorged i nā hua, kahi e paʻa ai nā larvae. Inā loaʻa iā lākou nā pūʻali no lākou iho, a laila ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kikowaena hou o ka ticking. ʻO nā subzones kahi i noho ai nā ticks ma mua, he mau wahi ia ma nā wahi ʻōpio kahi i hana ʻole ʻia ai ke kūkulu ʻana. ʻO kēia paha nā paka, nā ʻāpana a me nā kāʻei ulu lāʻau, i hoʻoholo ʻia e mālama ʻia. Hoʻomau ka manaʻo o ka maʻi maʻi ma ia mau subzones, a laila laha nā ʻōpala i nā ʻāina kokoke. No kēia mau kumu, he mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka tick ma nā wahi ʻōpio. ʻO nā hale hou nā wahi e kūkulu ʻia nei a hiki i 5 mau makahiki ma hope o ia. Ke hoʻololi nui nei ka hana kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻāina kūlohelohe, kahi e alakaʻi pinepine ai i ka make ʻana o nā ticks. No laila, hele mālie ka noho ʻana o kēia teritore e nā ticks (i ka manawa like me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi ʻāina hou) ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā holoholona hoʻokipa a i ka wā o ko lākou neʻe ʻana mai nā palena i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ma keʻano laulā, hōʻike ʻia nā hale hou e ka nele o nā mites a i ʻole nā ​​​​mites haʻahaʻa loa.

E nānā i kekahi:

I ka manawa hea e loaʻa ai i ka ʻīlio ka babesiosis (piroplasmosis) 

ʻO Babesiosis i nā ʻīlio: nā hōʻailona

ʻO Babesiosis i nā ʻīlio: ʻike

ʻO Babesiosis i nā ʻīlio: mālama

ʻO Babesiosis i nā ʻīlio: pale