Lahui Shire
Moolelo o ka pua
ʻO ka lio Shire, i hānai ʻia ma ʻEnelani, mai ka manawa o ka naʻi ʻana o Foggy Albion e ka poʻe Roma a ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano mua loa i hānai ʻia ma ka maʻemaʻe. Ua nalowale ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e pili ana i ke kumu o ka pua Shire i ka wā kahiko, e like me ke ʻano o nā ʻano he nui.
Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia i ka makahiki XNUMXst AD, ua kāhāhā ka poʻe naʻi Roma i ka ʻike ʻana i nā lio nui maʻamau no kēlā manawa ma nā mokupuni o Beretania. Holo nā kaʻa kaua koʻikoʻi i nā pūʻali koa Roma - hiki ke hana ʻia ia mau hana e nā lio nui a paʻakikī.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi pilina pili a ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi ma waena o nā Shires me ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "lio nui" o ka Middle Ages (Great Horse), i hele mai i ʻEnelani me nā koa o William the Conqueror (XI century). Ua hiki i ka "Big Horse" ke lawe i ka naita pale kaua, nona ke kaumaha, me ka noho lio a me ka lako kaua piha, ua oi aku i ka 200 kg. Ua like ia lio me ka pahu ola.
ʻO ka hopena o nā Shires e pili pū me ka moʻolelo o ʻEnelani. Ua ʻimi mau ke aupuni o ka ʻāina e hoʻonui i ka ulu a me ka nui o nā lio. I ke kenekulia XVI. Ua ʻae ʻia kekahi mau kānāwai e pāpā ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lio ma lalo o 154 knm ma ka maloʻo, a me ka pale ʻana i ka lawe ʻana aku i nā lio.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ka kupuna o ka pua Shire hou he lio i kapa ʻia ʻo Blind Horse mai Packington (Packington Blind Horse). ʻO ia ka mea i helu ʻia ʻo ia ka lio mua o ka pua Shire ma ka Shire Stud Book mua.
E like me nā ʻano ʻano kaumaha ʻē aʻe, i nā manawa like ʻole o ka mōʻaukala, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā Shires e ke kahe ʻana o ke koko mai nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā lio Flemish Kelemania ʻĀkau mai Belgium a me nā Flanders i waiho i kahi hōʻailona i ʻike nui ʻia i ka pua. ʻO Robert Bakewill ka mea hānai lio i hoʻoikaika nui i ka Shire ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ke koko o nā lio Dutch maikaʻi loa - Friesians.
Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Shires i ka hānai ʻana i kahi ʻano lio hou - nā kaʻa kaumaha Vladimir.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o waho o ka pua
He lōʻihi nā lio o kēia ʻano. Nui ka nui o Shires: hiki i nā lio makua ke kiʻekiʻe o 162 a 176 cm i ka maloʻo. He emi iki ka nui o ka mares a me ka geldings. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻelele maikaʻi loa o ka pua ma luna o 185 cm i ka maloʻo. Kaumaha - 800-1225 kg. He poʻo nui ko lākou me ka lae ākea, ʻano nui, ākea a me nā maka hōʻike, kahi ʻaoʻao convex liʻiliʻi (Roma), nā pepeiao waena me nā ʻōlelo ʻoi. ʻO ka ʻāʻī pōkole a maikaʻi, nā poʻohiwi muscular, kahi pōkole, ikaika hope, kahi ākea a lōʻihi o ka croup, kahi huelo kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā wāwae ikaika, kahi i ulu nui ʻia mai nā hui carpal a me ka hock - "friezes" , nui a ikaika na maiuu.
ʻO nā lole maʻamau he bay, ʻeleʻele bay, ʻeleʻele (ʻeleʻele), karak (kai ʻeleʻele me ka ʻeleʻele) a me ka hina.
ʻOi aku ka ʻoluʻolu o ka mea holo ma kēia lio kupanaha, e like me ka sofa palupalu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa kaumaha he palupalu loa. Akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻana i ke kanaka maikaʻi i ka gallop, a laila hoʻopau iā ia.
He mālie a kaulike ke ʻano o nā lio Shire. Ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka Shire e hoʻopā me nā lio ʻē aʻe e hoʻopau i nā keiki hoʻolohe.
Nā noi a me nā hoʻokō
I kēia mau lā, hiki i nā shires ke hoʻomanaʻo wale i kā lākou "kaua i hala" ma nā parade o nā koa lio o ke aloaliʻi o ke Aliʻi: holo ka poʻe pahu pahu i nā lio hina nui, a ʻo ka mea hoihoi, ʻoiai ua paʻa nā lima o ka poʻe pahu pahu, hoʻomalu lākou i ko lākou shires me ko lākou mau wāwae - ua paʻa nā ʻōpū. i ko lakou mau kamaa.
I ka makahiki XNUMXth, ua hoʻomaka kēia mau lio e hoʻohana no ka hana ikaika ma nā mahiʻai.
Me ka nalo ʻana o nā hoʻokûkû a me nā naita paʻa i nā mea kaua, ua lawe ʻia nā kūpuna o ka lio Shire e hana ma ke kāʻei, e huki ana i nā kaʻa ma luna o nā alanui ʻōpuʻu a me nā ʻōʻō palau ma waena o nā māla mahiʻai. ʻO nā moʻolelo o ia manawa e hōʻike ana i nā lio hiki ke lawe i ka ukana ʻekolu a me ka hapa mau tona ma ke ala ʻino, i haki ʻia.
Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Shires e nā mea kūʻai aku kūlanakauhale i loko o nā kaʻa pia i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū.
I ka makahiki 1846, ua hānau ʻia kekahi keiki pua nui loa ma ʻEnelani. No ka hanohano o ke koa Baibala, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Samesona, akā i ka wā i lilo ai ka lio i kanaka makua a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o 219 cm i ka maloʻo, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Mammoth. Ma lalo o kēia inoa kapakapa, ua komo ʻo ia i ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻohua lio ma ke ʻano he lio kiʻekiʻe loa i ola ma ka honua.
A eia kekahi laʻana. I kēia lā ma UK aia kahi lio Shire i kapa ʻia ʻo Cracker. Ua emi iki i ka Mammoth i kona nui. I ka maloʻo, ʻo kēia kanaka uʻi he 195 knm. Akā inā e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻo ia i kona poʻo, a laila aia nā kihi o kona mau pepeiao i ke kiʻekiʻe o ʻelua a me ka hapa mika. ʻOi aku kona kaumaha ma mua o hoʻokahi tona (1200 kg) a ʻai e like me ia - pono ʻo ia i 25 kg o ka mauʻu i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻaneʻane ʻekolu mau manawa ʻoi aku ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana o ka lio liʻiliʻi maʻamau.
ʻO ka ikaika a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka Shire i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopaʻa i nā moʻolelo honua. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo Shire horses nā poʻokela kūhelu i ka lawe ʻana. I ʻApelila 1924, ma kahi hōʻikeʻike hanohano ma Wembley, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo 2 Shires i kahi dynamometer a hoʻohana i ka ikaika ma kahi o 50 tons. ʻO nā lio like i loko o ke kaʻaahi (ʻo ke kaʻaahi he hui o nā lio i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ʻelua a i ʻole hoʻokahi ma ka lālani), e hele ana ma kahi granite a, ʻoi aku ka paheʻe, hoʻoneʻe i kahi ukana he 18,5 tons. Ua hana ʻo Shire gelding i kapa ʻia ʻo Vulkan i kahi haʻalulu ma ka hōʻike hoʻokahi, e ʻae iā ia e hoʻoneʻe i kahi ukana he 29,47 tons.
