Leptospirosis i nā ʻīlio

He maʻi zoonotic ka Leptospirosis, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi mai nā holoholona i ke kanaka. No laila, pili pono ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻīlio i ko mākou olakino.

Hiki i nā ʻīlio o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā makahiki ke maʻalahi i ka maʻi. ʻO kahi mea nui paha ke kūlana o nā holoholona.

Aia ka maʻi ma nā ʻāina āpau koe wale nō ʻo Antarctica. Akā ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ma nā ʻāina me kahi ea wela a me ka ua kiʻekiʻe o ka makahiki. He maʻi pōʻino kēia e hōʻike ana iā ia iho i nā hōʻailona like ʻole a make pinepine i nā ʻīlio.

Ka papa o ka mai

Leptospirosis i loko o nā holoholona e hōʻike iā ia iho ma nā ʻano like ʻole: hiki ke loaʻa i nā ʻano acute, subacute, maʻi maʻi. Hoʻololi pinepine ka hope i ke kaʻa leptospiron asymptomatic. Hiki i nā ʻīlio ke maʻi mai kekahi mau mahina a i kekahi mau makahiki. ʻO ka manawa huna o ke ala o ka maʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi, mai ka manawa i komo ai ka bacteria i ke kino a hiki i ka ʻike ʻana o nā hōʻailona mua) he 4-14 mau lā.

Pehea ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka leptospirosis?

Hoʻouna pololei ʻia ka Leptospira (ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻili i poino, nā mucous membrane paʻa me ka mimi maʻi, ka waiū, feces, semen) a i ʻole pinepine ma ke ala ʻole (ma o ke kaiapuni o waho, nā mea hale). Hiki i ka nui o nā holoholona ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka maʻi (e like me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻīlio i loko o nā kennels).

Hiki i ka Leptospira ke ola no nā mahina ma ka lepo maʻemaʻe a me ka wai. A ʻo nā ʻiole ka mea lawe leptospira i ke ola. No laila, ma hope o ka inu ʻana i ka wai mai loko mai o kahi waihona paʻa, ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiole, a i ʻole ka male ʻana me kahi ʻīlio maʻi, hiki i ka holoholona ke loaʻa i ka maʻi leptospirosis.

No laila, ʻo nā kumu pilikia nui o ka maʻi leptospirosis penei:

• pili pono me nā holoholona i maʻi ʻia;
• pili me kahi kaiapuni i haumia (e laʻa, nā kino wai, lepo).

Nā hōʻailona o ka Leptospirosis i nā ʻīlio

Hiki i ka maʻi Leptospiral ke hoʻoulu i ka nui o nā hōʻike lapaʻau, mai ka maʻalahi, nā hōʻailona hoʻemi ponoʻī iā ia iho a hiki i ke kūlana koʻikoʻi, hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka leptospirosis i loko o nā ʻīlio mai ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka maʻi, ke kūlana immunological o ka holoholona, ​​​​nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni e pili ana i ke kino o ka holoholona, ​​​​a me ka "agressiveness" o ka pathogen.

ʻO nā hōʻailona mua loa o ka canine leptospirosis he kuni, haʻalulu, a me ka ʻeha ʻiʻo. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia ka nāwaliwali, ka pau ʻana o ka ʻai, ka luaʻi, ka ʻōpū, ka hanu wikiwiki, ka ʻū ʻana, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ihu, ka jaundice o nā mucous membrane ʻike ʻia a me ka ʻili. Hiki mai nā maʻi coagulation a me nā pōʻino o ke koko, i hōʻike ʻia e ka hematemesis, nā ʻili koko (melena), epistaxis, a me nā hemorrhages ʻili. Aia nā holoholona maʻi nui i kahi kūlana ʻike ʻole, ʻaʻole pane i nā mea hoʻoulu o waho a hiki ʻole ke mālama kūʻokoʻa i ka mahana kino maʻamau.

ʻO ka insidiousness o ka maʻi, ma kahi o nā hōʻailona nui, aia nō hoʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki ke hoʻomau me ka ʻole o nā hōʻike.

No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i kēia maʻi a me nā kaʻina hana pathological pili i loko o kahi ʻīlio, pono ia e lawe i kahi anamnesis, hana i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau, hana i nā hoʻokolohua hematological a me serological koko (e ʻike i ka piʻi ʻana o nā antibodies i ka leptospira), PCR, urinalysis, a, inā. pono, e hana i kahi hōʻike ultrasound o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. , nā hōʻailona x-ray.

Pōʻino i nā kānaka

He mea kūpono kēia e haʻi hou aku a ʻoi aku hoʻi ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa, no ka mea, ʻike ʻia ka maʻi leptospiral ma ke ʻano he zooanthroponosis maʻamau, e noho ana i kekahi o nā wahi mua e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka papa lapaʻau, ke alapine o ka make a me nā hopena lapaʻau lōʻihi. kanaka. 

Ma nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi leptospirosis i loko o ke kanaka ka hopena ma muli o nā hana leʻaleʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai. ʻO ka poʻe i hui pū me nā holoholona mahiʻai i ka pilikia. I nā ʻāina e ulu nei, ʻo ka waihona o ka maʻi no nā kānaka he ʻīlio hele hewa a me nā ʻiole.

I loko o nā kānaka, loaʻa nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ma hope o ka manawa incubation (me ka ʻole o nā hōʻike hōʻikeʻike), hiki ke mau mai 2 a 25 mau lā, a ʻokoʻa lākou ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi. Hiki ke noho asymptomatic ka maʻi i kekahi poʻe (subclinical). Hiki i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ke ulu i kahi maʻi e like me ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi loa o ka maʻi leptospirosis, ʻo ia ke akepaʻa, hōʻino ʻole o ke kīpē, a i kekahi mau hihia, hōʻino i nā ʻōnaehana o nā mea āpau, me nā ʻōnaehana cardiovascular, respiratory and genitourinary system (multiple organ failure).

Lapaʻau no ka leptospirosis i nā ʻīlio

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka leptospirosis canine e pili ana i ka nui o ka maʻi. ʻO nā holoholona me kahi hōʻoia i hōʻoia ʻia, a me nā holoholona me kahi kiʻi maʻi maʻi a me ka mōʻaukala, akā me ka ʻole o ka hōʻoia i kēia manawa, pono e loaʻa i kahi hui o nā antimicrobials a me ka mālama mālama.

ʻO ke kumu o ka mālama ʻana he lāʻau antibiotic. ʻO nā lāʻau antibiotic i manaʻo ʻia no nā ʻīlio me ka leptospirosis he penicillin derivatives a i ʻole doxycycline. ʻO ke ala o ka lawelawe ʻana ma ka waha (me ka meaʻai a i ʻole ma ka waha me ka ikaika). Inā loaʻa ka luaʻi ʻana o ka pipi, pau ka ʻai, anorexia, a laila pono e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau antibiotic ma ka makua (intravenously, subcutaneously, intramuscularly).

Eia kekahi, hāʻawi ʻia ka nānā pono i ka mālama ʻana i ka mālama mālama ʻana inā lōʻihi ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi (dehydration, hypoglycemia, electrolyte imbalance, etc.). Hiki i nā holoholona me ka leptospirosis ke koi aku i nā pae like ʻole o ka mālama kākoʻo, e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi a me nā ʻōnaehana okana i hoʻopilikia ʻia. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōlelo paipai me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hou ʻana me ka wai inu wai (droppers), ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia electrolyte a me ka acid-base, a me ka hōʻailona hōʻailona (antiemetics, lāʻau ʻeha, kākoʻo meaʻai).

Inā ʻaʻole ʻai ka ʻīlio iā ia iho ma mua o ʻekolu lā, pono e kau ʻia kahi paipu hānai. Hāʻawi ia i ka meaʻai e hāʻawi pololei ʻia i ka ʻōpū, kaʻe ʻana i ka lua waha a me ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻole i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻīlio, ʻoiai e pale ana i ka makemake ʻole o ka mea maʻi e ʻai.

I nā kūlana koʻikoʻi, pono ke hoʻokaʻawale i ke koko, hemodialysis, artificial lung ventilation (ALV).

hoʻopulapula

Ke loaʻa i ka maʻi leptospirosis, hiki ke hoʻōla piha. Akā, inā hoʻomau ka maʻi me nā pilikia (no ka laʻana, impaired renal function), hiki ke hoʻomau ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana no kekahi mau mahina ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa mua ʻana o ke ʻano o ka holoholona. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea a pau me ka ʻole o ka hale maʻi, inā ʻae ka maʻi o ka mea maʻi, akā aia kekahi mau hihia e pono ai ka nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā e ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a laila hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻīlio i kahi haukapila maʻi infectious. A laila, ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia kēlā holoholona, ​​​​i kēlā me kēia 1-3 mau pule, a laila hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 1-6 mahina.

Nā pilikia ma hope o ka maʻi

ʻO nā pilikia nui ma hope o ka maʻi leptospirosis i hōʻike ʻia ma luna nei a ʻo ia ka ulu ʻana o ka hōʻino ʻole o ka renal a me ka pōʻino o ka ʻōnaehana hepatobiliary (encephalopathy, ascites, etc.) i kekahi mau ʻīlio. ʻAʻole hoʻōla hou ʻia kēia mau kūlana a koi i ka nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia manawa me ke kipa ʻana i ke kauka holoholona.

Nā hana pale

ʻO kekahi o nā kumu pilikia o ka maʻi i loko o nā ʻīlio ka launa pū ʻana me nā holoholona maʻi a me kā lākou mea huna kūlohelohe. No laila, he mea nui e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻīlio maʻi a hahai i nā lula o ka maʻemaʻe, e hoʻohana i nā antiseptics i ka wā e hana pū ai me lākou, i ʻole e hoʻouna i ka pathogen i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.

He mea koʻikoʻi ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi o nā ʻīlio. Ma waho aʻe o ia mea, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā hana pale aʻe:

• disinfection o ka hale, nā wahi o waho, nā mea hale i hoʻohana ʻia e nā ʻīlio maʻi;
• ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka lawe ʻana mai i nā ʻīlio maʻi a hoʻihoʻi ʻia i nā kennels;
• mai hānai i nā ʻīlio i hōʻoia ʻole ʻia e ka mea pepehi holoholona;
• mai ʻae i nā holoholona ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka leptospirosis e komo i nā hōʻikeʻike a me nā hanana;
• mai hele wāwae i nā ʻīlio ma ke alanui i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia i ka leptospirosis a me nā maʻi lele ʻē aʻe i ka manawa;
• mai ʻae aku i nā ʻīlio e ʻauʻau i loko o nā wai wai, me nā mea i loko o ke kūlanakauhale;
• ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻopaʻa wale ʻia inā ua lapaʻau ʻia nā mea ʻelua i ka leptospirosis a me nā maʻi lele ʻē aʻe i loko o ka manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia;
• e hōʻoia i ka hoʻopau ʻana o nā rodents ma nā hale noho a me nā wahi kūloko;
• pono nā ʻīlio e hoʻoheheʻe mai ka wai kū, kahi e loaʻa ʻole ai nā holoholona a me nā kānaka ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku nā keiki;
• pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi ʻīlio maʻi mai nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a me nā kānaka ʻike ʻole;
• i ka hana ʻana me nā holoholona i maʻi ʻia, pono e hoʻohana ʻia kā lākou ʻōpala (mimi, feces) a me nā mea hale i hoʻohaumia ʻia (nā kīʻaha, nā pā, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkina lima latex, nā masks a me nā maka aniani (i ka wā e holoi ai i nā wahi i haumia me nā hoses).

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i ka maʻi leptospirosis ʻo ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau! ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka maʻi ma mua o ka mālama ʻana.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau leptospirosis canine

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka maʻi leptospirosis ma o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻopili ʻia nā holoholona olakino olakino mai 8 mau makahiki. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻīlio wale nō i kekahi mau maʻi o ke kumu kumu o ka leptospirosis, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau. A inā pili ka ʻīlio i kahi maʻi ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a laila hiki ke ulu ka maʻi. Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, mālama ʻia ka pale ma hope o 14 mau lā a hiki i 12 mahina.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wā e mālama pono ʻia ai ka papa kuhikuhi no ka hoʻomaka ʻana a me ka hoʻokomo hou ʻana o ke kano, e like me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i ʻae ʻia. Pono e hana hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻO nā ʻīlio ʻaʻole i lapaʻau ʻia i ka maʻi leptospirosis no nā mahina ʻoi aku ma mua o 18, pono e loaʻa i 2 mau puʻupuʻu o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kahi o 3-4 mau pule, me he mea lā ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia lākou no ka manawa mua o ko lākou ola.

ʻO nā ʻīlio i pilikia nui i ka piʻi ʻana me ka hoʻoilo anu e pono ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka pūnāwai.

I kēia lā, aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i ka leptospirosis, ʻokoʻa kekahi i kekahi i ka helu helu o nā serovars (strains) o leptospira:

1. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau 2-serovar (Nobivac Lepto, Netherlands o ke kumu), Eurican (Farani kumu), Vangard (Belgium kumu);

2. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau me 3 serovars (Eurican multi, manufacturing country France), Multican (manufacturing country Russia);

3. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau me 4 serovar (Nobivac L4, Netherlands).

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka pōʻino i ka holoholona, ​​a he kakaikahi nā hopena ʻino. Hōʻoia kēlā me kēia mea hana i ka palekana o kā lākou huahana ma o nā noiʻi he nui.

I kēlā me kēia hihia, ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ke kano, hiki iā ʻoe ke noho i loko o ke keʻena lāʻau lapaʻau no 20-30 mau minuke e nānā i ka hopena o ke kino o ka holoholona i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻAʻole ka ʻatikala he kāhea e hana!

No ka ʻike kikoʻī hou aku o ka pilikia, manaʻo mākou e hoʻopili i kahi loea.

E nīnau i ke kauka

17 September 2020

Hana hou ʻia: Pepeluali 13, 2021