ʻEhia mau makahiki e ola ai nā bipi o nā ʻano like ʻole a me ka awelika o ke ola

Ma Inia, ua manaoia na bipi he holoholona laa. ʻO ia ke kumu e pale ai ka poʻe he nui iā lākou e like me ka ʻōhiʻa o ko lākou maka. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i ka piʻi nui o ke ola o kēia mau holoholona - a hiki i 35-40 mau makahiki. Ma India, ʻaʻole e like me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka honua, mālama ʻia ka bipi ʻaʻole wale no ka mea kapu, akā no ka nui o ka loaʻa kālā e lawe mai i nā mea nona.

No kekahi mau ʻāina, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō: ʻo kēlā mau holoholona hiki ke loaʻa kālā ke ʻai i ka meaʻai ʻono, lawe ʻia i nā kauka holoholona inā loaʻa nā maʻi weliweli i loaʻa iā lākou. ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha i ka noho lōʻihi ʻana o nā bipi ma India a me kekahi mau ʻāina ʻē aʻe. E ʻike pono kākou i nā mea e pili ana i ke ola o nā bipi ma nā ʻāina like ʻole a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke ʻokoʻa loa.

Ka lōʻihi o ke ola

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻikepili maʻamau ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike kikoʻī. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo ka bipi ka holoholona like me ka ʻīlio a me ka pōpoki. No laila, ʻo ka mea mua, ʻo nā kūlana e noho ai ka holoholona i kahi kuleana. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻōlelo ka ʻikepili he 20-30 mau makahiki ke ola nei ka bipi. Akā ʻaʻole pili kēia i nā ʻelele a pau o kēia ʻohana. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo he hiki i ka bipi ke make i kēlā me kēia manawa, me ka mea kūpono ʻole.

Ma muli o kēia mau mea a pau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi i kahi pane maopopo. Hoʻokahi mea i ʻike maopopo ʻia: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka noho ʻana o nā bipi ma nā wahi mamao mai nā pono o ka moʻomeheu - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pili ʻana i ke ʻano. No laila, ʻo nā wahi maikaʻi loa e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana i ka pipi a i ʻole ka mahiʻai waiū he kauhale, kauhale a me ke kūlanakauhale. Eia kekahi, he mea nui e noʻonoʻo i kahi hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lōʻihi o lākou mai ke kūlanakauhale, ʻoi aku ka megacities, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻae i nā wahi kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale, ʻaʻole like ke ola no nā kānaka. ʻAʻole wale lākou, e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia. Pili kēia i nā bipi.

He aha kāu e ʻike ai no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka nui o nā makahiki e ola ai ka bipi?

1. He hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ka breed. E kūkākūkā hou ʻia ana ma kēia mua aku. Ua lōʻihi ke ola o kekahi mau ʻano, hiki ke ola no nā makahiki he kanahā, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe he ʻumi paha.
2. Kahi o ka noho. Ua ʻike mua ʻia kēlā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma kēia ʻano e hānai i nā bipi ma nā kauhale a me nā kauhaleaia ma kahi mamao mai nā kūlanakauhale nui.
3. ʻāina. He hōʻailona koʻikoʻi kēia e pili ana i ka nui o nā makahiki o ke ola ʻana o ka bipi no kekahi mau hōʻailona: ka noʻonoʻo o nā kamaʻāina, nā kūlana climatic, ke ʻano o ka hānai ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana i nā holoholona, ​​ke ʻano o ka waiū a i ʻole ka hana pipi, a pēlā aku.

E nānā pono kākou i ka ʻokoʻa o ke ola o nā bipi ma ka ʻāina.

Ka manaʻolana ola ma ka ʻāina

E like me ka mea i maopopo mua, he koʻikoʻi ko ka ʻāina i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomohala a me ka nui o nā makahiki e ola ai nā holoholona. E nānā pono kākou i ka awelika o ke ola o nā holoholona kaulana loa no ka hana ʻana i ka waiū ma ka ʻāina a me nā mea e pili ana i kēia ʻāpana.

Ma Rūsia, ola nā bipi ma mua o ka awelika a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka maʻamau o ke ola o kēia mau holoholona ma ko mākou ʻāina he 6-7 mau makahiki wale nō, a laila make lākou. A ʻo ke kumu o kēia he ʻano manaʻo ʻole loa i kēia holoholona. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ma ko mākou mau latitu hana nā bipi i ka ʻoihana: Hoʻouna ʻia lākou i nā hale hana hana, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke noho ma lalo o kēia mau hōʻailona.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole lākou i kēia. Kakaʻikahi ka hoʻouna ʻia ʻana o nā bipi i nā hale hana, a ʻo ko lākou wahi nui he mau mahiʻai. Ma Rusia, aia he ʻumi tausani o nā kānaka i nā hale hana. Ma keʻano maʻamau,ʻaʻole e ukuʻia ka nānā pono i nā holoholona. Akā e hoʻokomo ʻia lākou me nā lāʻau ʻokoʻa like ʻole a me nā kemika ʻē aʻe, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka nui o nā makahiki i ola ai.

Iseraela. Ma kēia ʻāina, he 35-40 mau makahiki ka awelika o ke ola o nā bipi ma muli o ka mālama pono ʻana i kēia holoholona. Hōʻike ko lākou kūlana ola maikaʻi i ka pae hana o ka waiū. ʻOiai ka nele o ka ʻoihana ma kēia wahi, ua hana ʻia ka 160 tausani lita o ka waiū i nā makahiki he ʻumikumamālua o kona ola. Inā ʻoe e helu maʻalahi, a laila ma ka awelika e pili ana i 13 tausani lita i hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kahi hōʻailona nui loa.

Ma ka manawa like, ma ʻAmelika hoʻokahi, hana ʻia ka waiū e 12 tausani lita hou aʻe i ka manawa hōʻike like. Ma keʻano maʻamau, ma ka pālākiō makahiki, he kiʻi liʻiliʻi kēia, akā he mea nui ia. I ka manawa like, ma ʻAmelika, ua kokoke ka awelika ola o nā bipi i ka awelika. Aia i ke kalana kahi i hānai ʻia ai ka holoholona. He nui aku paha kekahi, emi mai paha kekahi.

Eia kekahi mau ʻāina i hana i ka waiū a i ʻole ka pipi. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻoiai ke kaua ʻike ma waena o Rūsia a me ʻAmelika, he mea nui ka mea mua e aʻo mai ka hope, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma mua o ko mākou. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ka ʻāina wale nō kahi e noho ai ka holoholona he mea nui, akā ʻo kona ʻano pū kekahi. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o ka manaʻolana o ke ola ma muli o ka pua.

ʻO ka manaʻolana ola ma nā ʻano like ʻole

E nānā kākou i ka pilikia o ke ola o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau holoholona. E like me ke kānāwai, hiki ke ʻokoʻa nui. A mai ka helu ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke ola o nā holoholona hānai waiū pono e lawe i kahi holistic, a laila ʻikepili kahi e ola ai nā pua no ka lōʻihi o ka hiki ke lilo i mea hoihoi, akā pono nō hoʻi. E nānā pono kākou i kēia kumuhana.

ʻO nā pipi dairy, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ke ola liʻiliʻi ma mua o ko lākou mau hoa ma kahi o 3-5 mau makahiki, e pili ana i nā kūlana o ka mālama a me ke ola. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole lākou e lawe mai i ka waiū i ko lākou ola a pau. Inā lākou i loko o kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka make ʻana, a laila lawe mai lākou i ka loli. ʻAi nui nā bipi kahiko, hiamoe a lawe i kahi ākea. Hiki ke aloha ʻia kahi holoholona, ​​akā mai kahi ʻano pāʻoihana he hewa ia.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i kahi bipi kahiko i ka ʻiʻo. E pōmaikaʻi kēia i ka holoholona a me ka mea nāna e loaa ka waiwai mai ke kuai ana i ka pipi, a ua pōmaikaʻi ka bipi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mea e makemake ana e hoʻopau iā ia i ka ʻiʻo e hoʻonele iā ia i kona ʻeha make. ʻAʻole pilikia ka bipi. Ma keʻano laulā, he hana kūpono kēia, pono no nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.

ʻO kēlā mau bipi e hele ana i ka ʻiʻo, hiki i kekahi manawa ke ola 3-5 mau makahiki ma mua o nā bipi i hoʻohana ʻia no ka waiū. ʻO ka manaʻo o kēlā mau ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka waiū he kaʻina hana ikaika no ka holoholona. ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ke kūlana ʻo ia ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻauwaʻa o ka mammary gland o ka holoholona me ka waiu stagnant, a ke alakaʻi nei kēia i kekahi mau pilikia e hiki ke hoʻopau i ka make mua. A ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiū a kahi holoholona e hana ai, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kēia hiki.

Noho ka pipi pipiʻi loa ma Kanada. ʻO kona kumukūʻai he 1,2 miliona kālā. ʻO nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana Holstein he mea kūʻai maikaʻi loa a hiki ke lawe mai i ke kālā he nui. Akā, hoʻopau ia me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ia mau holoholona, ​​​​ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole ola lōʻihi loa. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo maopopo, akā hiki koke mai ka make i ka manawa kūpono loa.

hopena a

ʻAʻole pili i ka ʻano pipi, ma hea ʻo ia e noho ai, hiki ke pili i ke ola o keia holoholonaʻoiai inā mālama ʻoe no ka waiū. Ua lawa wale ka hahai ʻana i nā koi āpau no ka mālama a hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka hopena. Ma keʻano maʻamau, i ko mākou'āina,ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa ke kaiapuni, akā, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopoʻaʻole e pili wale i ke ola o kekahi holoholona.

ʻAʻole i noʻonoʻo ʻia ka pilikia o ka ecology ma muli o kona paʻakikī. ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻepekema ke wānana maoli i ke ola o kekahi mea ola, e pili ana i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka ecology. Aia nō naʻe kona ʻāpana o ka mana, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole hiki ke ana piha. Akā, inā ʻino ke kaiapuni, pili i ka mahiainana i hanau keia mau holoholona. Inā hoʻāʻo ʻo ia:

• e hāʻawi i ka meaʻai maikaʻi;
• waiu mau e like me ka pono o ka mea lawe waiu;
• e mālama iā ia ma nā ʻano a pau,

a laila hiki ke ola lōʻihi ka bipi. A pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo.