ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona morphophysiological maʻamau o nā ʻīlio punahele punahele

ʻO nā ʻiole punahele nā ​​manu ʻole. No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai maʻalahi ma kāu pūnaewele ponoʻī. Nui nā ʻano ʻano o nā pāpaʻi punahele, akā ʻo ka mea kaulana loa o lākou ʻo ka punahele polū, nona ka ʻāina koʻikoʻi, e hoʻonani i kēlā me kēia pā. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe kākau e ulu mālie ana kēia manu ma mua o ka Beijing a me nā ʻano pua keʻokeʻo.

I loko o ka Blagovarsky Poultry Plant (Repubalika o Bashkortostan) nā ʻeke Ua hānai ʻia ka polū punahele i ka makahiki 1998, kahi e hānai mau ʻia ai lākou ma nā ʻano nui nui, a he alakaʻi lākou i ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā punahele uliuli.

Nui nā ʻano ʻano ʻiole.

ʻo kahi laʻana:

1. ai - Pekina, hina, etc.;
2. ʻiʻo a me ka hua manu - aniani, punahele, etc.;
3. hua hua - Nā ʻiʻo holo India.

E kālele ana kēia ʻatikala i nā ducks o ka pua punahele, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano ʻoi loa i kūleʻa ma ke ʻano o ka hānau ʻana. Me ke kōkua o nā hoʻokō o ka ʻepekema hou o ka genetics, loaʻa iā lākou nā ʻano pono he nui:

1. kiʻekiʻe viability;
2. unpretentiousness;
3. meatiness;
4. hua hua, etc.

Ua hānai ʻia ka pipi punahele, ma ke kumu o ka pua ʻo Beijing, akā mahalo i ka hānau ʻana a me nā hana biotechnological. ua loaʻa iā lākou nā genes no ka ʻiʻo a me ka hana hua manu, ka mea i hoʻonui maikaʻi i ka waiwai o nā ʻeke o kēia ʻano. Ua hānai ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka hoʻokolohua ʻaʻole wale ma ke ʻano he ʻiʻo, akā ma ke ʻano he hua manu, ʻo ia hoʻi, he kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka hoʻomoe ʻana o nā pāpaʻi punahele i ko lākou mau mua.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o kēia ʻano ʻo ko lākou ola a me ka helu ola maikaʻi. Ua paʻa pū ʻo Cross Favorit ma Rūsia ma muli o kāna mau ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.

Nā hiʻohiʻona morphological

Ka waihoʻoluʻu - mai ka uliuli uliuli a i ka uliuli uliuli a me ka ʻeleʻele. Nui ka nui o ka manu. He palahalaha a lōʻihi ka nuku. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka nuku a me nā wāwae e pili pono ana i ka waihoʻoluʻu o kēlā me kēia kanaka, a he ʻulaʻula-hinahina. He ikaika ke kino, no ka mea, ua hānai ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he ʻiʻo. ʻAʻole convex loa ka umauma, hiki i ka ʻāʻī i ka lōʻihi waena, ʻo ke poʻo ka nui. ʻAʻole pōkole loa nā wāwae, ākea ākea.

Nā hiʻohiʻona physiological

He lahilahi a māmā nā iwi uliuli o ka iwi. ʻOiai naʻe, ikaika loa ka iwi iwi. ʻO ka lakio iwi i ka ʻiʻo he 14%, ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi ʻole no ka hoʻohua ʻana i kēia mau ʻiʻo ma ke ʻano he ʻiʻo.

He ʻiʻo ka ʻiʻo, liʻiliʻi nā fibers, palupalu a ʻoluʻolu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻonui ʻia me nā waikawa amino koʻikoʻi (no ka laʻana, he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o valine, leucine, lysine, glutamic acid, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe). ola kino kanaka. Aia ka ʻiʻo ma kahi o 20% ka nui o ka protein digestible. ʻO ka ʻiʻo ʻiʻo ʻiʻo he punahele polū, i ka nui o nā mineral e like me ka calcium a me ka phosphorus, nā huaora A, B1, B2, a me PP, loaʻa nā extractives.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau manu mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o kā lākou ʻiʻo i ka hapa nui o ka momona, e like me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale i kā lākou ʻiʻo he lean. E ʻono me ke ʻala ʻole.

Productivity

ʻO nā kānaka o ka pua punahele e ulu wikiwiki a ma nā wiki he 9 a hiki i ke kaumaha o ke kino o 2,5-3,5 kg, me ka momona ikaika. Hiki i ke kāne makua ke piʻi i ka 4,5 - 5 kg i ke kaumaha, ma ka awelika he 3,5 - 4 kg. ʻO ka hana hua manu mai 100 a 140 mau ʻāpana i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai hoʻokahi wahine, me ka paona hua manu o 80-90 grams. Hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā hua.

Ka hānauʻana

Ma kahi ʻoihana ʻoihana, hānai ʻia nā ʻeke polū punahele ma ka incubation. Wahi a ka moʻolelo, hānai ʻia lākou ma ka home e ka incubation, a ma kahi o 27-28 mau lā. Ua manaoia mehiki i ka makuahine ke hoʻoulu i nā hua he 15. Huki lākou i lalo no ka hana ʻana i kahi pūnana ʻoluʻolu no ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a hoʻopilikia wale ʻia i ka ʻai ʻana. Akā, he manaʻo hoʻopaʻapaʻa kēia. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe kākau ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka pua punahele polū kahi ʻano hatching, a no kā lākou hānau ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻōpio punahele polū.

hānai ʻia ka polū me nā hua ʻōpala i hoʻolapalapa ʻia. Hāʻawi kekahi poʻe hānai hua me kahi millet liʻiliʻi. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā ʻano aʻa like ʻole (ʻuala, kāloti, etc.), nā mea kanu, mauʻu. ʻO nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe he penikala, ʻili lepo, iwi.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻiʻo duck punahele e nā waiwai momona maikaʻi. Ma muli o kēia, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa ka uliuli i ka meaʻai a hiki ke ʻai i nā mea i hāʻawi ʻia. Makemake lākou i nā māla me nā mea kanu nui, a ʻai lākou i ka meaʻai iā lākou iho, kahi e hōʻemi nui ai i ke kumukūʻai o ka hānai ʻana. No laila, i ka wā e hānai ai i nā ʻeke polū punahele, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā loko kūlohelohe a i hana ʻia paha ma kāu pūnaewele.

Hāpai ʻia ka ʻiole punahele polū i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonaninani ma muli o ka ʻikepili o waho. He nani loa ko kēia ʻano, he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a he mea hoihoi loa ia. Akā, me ka nani o ka ʻikepili waho, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana ma mua o ka mea hoʻonaninani.