ʻO nā maʻi pinepine o nā ʻīlio dwarf

ʻO ka papa inoa o nā maʻi, hoʻoilina a loaʻa, he ākea loa. Hoʻopilikia pinepine nā pēpē i ka dislocation congenital o ka patella, nā maʻi maka, ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole dermatitis. E nānā pono kākou i kekahi mau maʻi. 

Ka wehe ʻana o ka patella

ʻO kēia maʻi ka anomaly congenital maʻamau i nā ʻano mea pāʻani. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā dislocations o ka patella i congenital (genetically inherited) a loaʻa (traumatic). ʻOi aku ka pinepine i nā ʻano dwarf, puka mai ka patella i loko mai ka poloka kuli (medial). He unilateral a bilateral paha. 

ʻO nā hōʻailona lapaʻau e pili ana i ka luxation patella e ʻokoʻa nui ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi. ʻIke ʻia ka patellar luxation ma ke kumu o kahi hoʻokolokolo orthopedic a ua hōʻoia ʻia e ka hoʻokolokolo X-ray o nā ʻoki. E like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pōʻino, e pili ana i ka hoʻokolokolo orthopedic, ʻike ʻia ka dislocation o ka patella ma kahi pālākiō mai 0 a 4. I ka wā mua o ka hōʻike ʻana o ka maʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana i ka conservative therapy, physiotherapy (ʻauʻau). ), pono ke kaohi i ke kaumaha o ke kino.

No nā holoholona me ka lua a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka dislocation, hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ke kaʻina hana. Pono e hana ʻia i ka wā hiki ke mālama i ka hana o ka hui a pale i ka hoʻomohala mua ʻana o ka arthritis a me ka arthrosis.

Ua ʻike ʻia nā maʻi maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana musculoskeletal i ka wā o ka hoʻopaʻa mua ʻana, a hoʻouna ʻia ʻoe e ke kauka lapaʻau a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kahi orthopedist holoholona.

Nā maʻi maka

ʻO nā ʻōpala, entropion (eyelid torsion), corneal dystrophy, glaucoma, juvenile cataract, progressive retinal atrophy, blepharospasm, tear duct obstruction - he papa inoa piha ʻole kēia o nā maʻi maka i hiki ke loaʻa i nā ʻano dwarf. ʻO kēia mau maʻi hoʻoilina pinepine i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻīlio, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia ma nā kumu o ke koho ʻana, akā ma ka loaʻa kālā. No laila, i nā ʻano me ka mesocephalic structure o ke poʻo, ua ulu ka maʻi brachycephalic ma muli o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "baby face". Ua loli pū ke kanu ʻana i nā maka, ke anatomy o nā lihilihi a me nā ʻiʻo o ka iwi poʻo. He mea nui e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana o nā maka o kahi holoholona olakino i mea e ʻike ai i ka pathology i ka manawa a hoʻopili i kahi ophthalmologist holoholona. Pono ka conjunctiva maʻa, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ma ke kala, a ʻo ka ʻili o ka maka he pono a ʻālohilohi. ʻAʻole maʻamau ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana mai nā maka, a i ʻole e liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻa.

Pono nā lihilihi olakino e pili pono i ka pōpō maka a paheʻe wale ma luna o kona ʻili. I kēia hihia, hiki ke maʻalahi ka ʻīlio i nā wahi a puni i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā. Loaʻa i nā Yorkshire Terriers nā hoʻokolohua genetic e hoʻoholo ai i kekahi o kēia.

ʻO ke kamepiula

ʻO kahi maʻi congenital i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻokumu nui ʻana a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wai cerebrospinal i loko o ka cerebral ventricles. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ka nui o ka lolo, no laila, ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi i loko o ka cerebral ventricles, e emi iho ka nui o nā ʻiʻo nerve. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia maʻi i predisposed i kahi mismatch i ka nui o ka lolo a me ka cranium, a me ka uhaki ʻana i ke kahe o ka waiʻona ma muli o ka maʻi Chiari. ʻO nā ʻano ʻīlio liʻiliʻi ka mea maʻalahi i kēia maʻi. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Hydrocephalus e ke ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻīlio, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai ia mai nā littermates. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui he poʻo nui loa ma ka ʻāʻī lahilahi; strabismus (strabismus of the eyeballs); nā maʻi maʻi (aggressiveness, bulimia, hoʻonui libido, pilikia i ke aʻo ʻana).

ʻO nā maʻi neurological (neʻe i loko o ka pōʻai, hoʻohuli ʻana i ke poʻo i hope a i ʻole ke hili ʻana i kekahi ʻaoʻao). Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā mea ʻē aʻe i kāu pipi, e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o ka neurologist holoholona, ​​​​hiki iā ia ke hoʻopakele i ke ola o ka ʻīlio.

ʻO Cryptorchidism

He anomaly hoʻoilina kēia kahi i komo ʻole ai ka testis i ka scrotum i ka manawa kūpono. ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki kēia i ka lā 14, ma kekahi mau ʻano hiki ke lawe i 6 mau mahina. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o Cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā ʻano nui. ʻO ka nui o ka cryptorchidism i nā ʻīlio he 1,2-10% (e pili ana i ka pua). ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, ʻike ʻia ka cryptorchidism i nā poodle, Pomeranians, Yorkshire terriers, Chihuahuas, Maltese lapdogs, toy terriers. Hoʻopili ʻia kēlā mau kāne i ka castration a ʻoki ʻia mai ka hānau ʻana.

ʻO Periodontitis

He maʻi ʻeha nui o ka waha waha, i ka wā e holomua ai, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻiʻo iwi a puni a kākoʻo i nā niho. ʻO nā ʻīlio pua liʻiliʻi ka mea maʻi pinepine ma ke kauka lapaʻau holoholona. I loko o nā ʻīlio o kēia mau ʻano, e hoʻokaʻawale koke ka plaque hopena, e lilo i tartar. Manaʻo ʻia he ʻokoʻa ka kohu o nā ʻīlio o nā ʻano dwarf mai ka kohu o nā ʻīlio ʻē aʻe i loko o ka mineral composition. He ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka mineralization o ka plaque.

Eia kekahi, he nui nā kumu e kōkua i kēia. I nā ʻīlio puaʻa pāʻani, nui nā niho e pili ana i ka nui o nā ʻauwae. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā niho ma mua o nā ʻīlio "maʻamau". ʻAʻohe ukana nau (makemake ʻole o ka ʻīlio e nahu). ʻAi pinepine - he mea maʻamau ka ʻai ʻana o nā ʻīlio liʻiliʻi i loko o ke kīʻaha i ka lā a pau, a ʻai liʻiliʻi ka ʻīlio i ka lā a pau. Hoʻopilikia pū ka meaʻai palupalu. No ka mālama home i ka waha waha o kahi ʻīlio, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ia i kona komo ʻana i kou ʻohana. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻoihana mua o ka waha waha e kahi kauka lāʻau lapaʻau e lawe ʻia ma mua o 2 mau makahiki. 

Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka trachea

ʻO kahi maʻi degenerative mau loa i hoʻoholo ʻia ma ke ʻano genetically pili me ka deformity anatomical o nā apo tracheal. Ma muli o ka pālahalaha ʻana o ka trachea, loaʻa ka lumen i kahi ʻano crescent. ʻO kēia ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka friction o nā paia o luna a me lalo o ka trachea, kahi i hōʻike ʻia e ka maʻi ʻokoʻa o ka maʻi ʻokoʻa, a hiki i ka ʻōpū a me ka make. ʻO nā kumu e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kiʻi lapaʻau o ka tracheal collapse e pili ana i ka momona, nā maʻi hanu, ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā mea hoʻonāukiuki i ka lewa (ka uahi paka, ka lepo, etc.).

ʻO ka pinepine, ʻike ʻia kēia maʻi i nā ʻelele o nā ʻano dwarf o nā ʻīlio. ʻO ke kumu o kēia paha he congenital defect o ka cartilage o ka larynx a me ka trachea, a me ka lōʻihi, nā maʻi inflammatory maʻi o ka ʻōpū hanu, edema e pili ana i nā hopena maʻi, nā ʻeha, nā kino haole, nā ʻōpū, nā maʻi puʻuwai, endocrine. nā maʻi.

Pono ia mau holoholona i ka hoʻokolokolo piha. Pono mua kēia e ʻike i ke alo a me ka pae o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pathology. Hiki i ka hanu hanu ke kumu a me ka hopena o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka tracheal. Aia nā diagnostics i nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau (nā hoʻokolohua koko, nā hoʻokolohua mimi, ultrasound) a me nā diagnostics ʻike (X-ray, tracheobronchoscopy). ʻO ka hana mua ʻana o ia ʻano maʻi, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o nā haʻalulu e loaʻa iā ʻoe mai kāu holoholona. No laila, inā hana ka ʻīlio i nā leo ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hanu ai, ʻeha i ka huhū a i ʻole i kahi hālāwai hauʻoli, a i nā manawa weliweli paha, pono ʻoe e kelepona koke i ke keʻena no ka hoʻokolokolo. 

ʻO Brachycephalic Syndrome

ʻO ka maʻi e pili ana i ka stenosis o nā puka ihu, ka hoʻonui a me ka mānoanoa o ka palale palupalu, ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā ʻeke laryngeal, a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka larynx. Hoʻopili maʻalahi nā hōʻailona me ka maʻi ma mua, akā hiki ke mālama ʻia ka maʻi brachycephalic me nā helu postoperative maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka mea nui e hana koke i ka hiki.

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo aku i ke koho ʻana i kahi hoaaloha e pili ana i nā helu maloʻo a me kahi papa inoa o nā pilikia hiki ke loaʻa, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe ʻano ʻīlio maikaʻi loa. Akā i ke koho ʻana i kahi holoholona no ʻoe iho, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ka mea āu e hālāwai ai a pale i nā pilikia āpau e like me ka hiki.  

Nā maʻi o kekahi ʻano

ʻApelika silky terrier: Legg-Calve-Perthers maʻi, patellar luxation, diabetes mellitus, tracheal collapse, susceptibility i dermatitis a me thyroid dysfunction.

ʻO Bichon Frize: epilepsy, urolithiasis, diabetes mellitus, hypotrichosis (ka lauoho poho), atlanto-axial instability, patellar luxation, dermatitis, keʻano o ka maʻi maʻi, cataract, entropion, corneal dystrophy.

Bolognese (ʻīlio ʻūhā Italia): ke ʻano o ka dermatitis, ka uhai ʻana i ka loli o nā niho, periodontitis. 

ʻO Greyhound ʻItalia (Italian Greyhound): cataract, progressive retinal atrophy, glaucoma, corneal dystrophy, juvenile cataract, epilepsy, Legg-Calve-Perthers maʻi, patellar luxation, periodontitis, alopecia, cryptorchidism, color mutational alopecia.

ʻO Yorkshire Terrier: anomalies i ka hooulu ana o na iwi iwi po'o, cryptorchidism, dislocation o ka patella, Legg-Calve-Perters ma'i, tracheal collapse, impaired loli o na niho, periodontitis, distichiasis, hypoglycemia; portosystemic shunt, deformity o ka puʻuwai valve, atlanto-axial instability, allergic skin maʻi, dermatoses, dermatitis, hydrocephalus, conjunctivitis, cataracts, blepharospasm, urolithiasis, hoʻonui i ka hopena i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

MalkīʻO nā hua'ōlelo nui: glaucoma, occlusion o ka lacrimal ducts, retinal atrophy a me distichiasis, tendency to dermatitis, tendency to deafness, hydrocephalus, hypoglycemia, heart defects, congenital subluxation of the patella, pyloric stenosis, cryptorchidism, portosystemic shunt.

Papillon (Continental Toy Spaniel): entropy, cataract, corneal dystrophy, kuli, patellar luxation, follicular dysplasia. 

ʻO Pomeranian Spitz: Atlanto-axial instability, patellar luxation, hypothyroidism, cryptorchidism, tracheal collapse, sinus node weakness syndrome, congenital dislocation o ka hui kuʻekuʻe lima, cataract, entropion, progressive retinal atrophy, epilepsy, dwarfism, abnormalities i ka hana ʻana o nā iwi iwi poʻo, hydrocephalus.

ʻO ka terrier pāʻani Lūkini: dislocation o ka patella, cataract, progressive retinal atrophy, hydrocephalus, periodontitis, impaired loli o nā niho.

Chihuahua: hydrocephalus, periodontitis, pulmonary stenosis, retinal atrophy, luxation of the patella, cryptorchidism, tracheal collapse, mitral valve dysplasia, hypoglycemia, dwarfism, abnormalities i ka hana ʻana o nā iwi iwi poʻo.

Kepani Hin (Chin, Japanese Spaniel): patella luxation, cataract, brachycephalic syndrome, hypothyroidism, mitral valve stenosis, iris erosion, distichiasis, progressive retinal atrophy, vitreoretinal dysplasia, cryptorchidism, dwarfism, hemivertebra, hip dysplasia, atlanto-axial instability, dislocation ka hui kuʻekuʻe, ka wehe ʻana o ka patella, achondroplasia, epilepsy.

Petersburg orchid: hydrocephalus, uhaki i ka loli o na niho, periodontitis, epilepsy, Legg-Calve-Perthers ma'i, dislocation o ka patella.

Mea pāʻani fox terrier: spinocerebellar ataxia me ka myokymia a me / a me ka convulsions, periodontitis, cryptorchidism.