ʻO ka nohona waiwai no ka pōpoki: he aha ka mea i loko o ka hale?

Wahi a nā helu, ma UK, hiki i ka hapa nui o nā pōpoki hale ke komo i ke alanui (Rochlitz, 2005): ua manaʻo ʻia he mea kūlohelohe kēia no nā pōpoki. Ma ka US, 50-60% o nā pōpoki e hoʻolilo i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa ma ka home (Patronek et al., 1997). Manaʻo ikaika nā kauka holoholona ʻAmelika e mālama nā mea nona nā pōpoki ma ka home (Buffington, 2002), e like me ka nui o nā limahana mālama. A ma kekahi mau wahi o Australia, ua hōʻike ka poʻe akamai i ka hopohopo no ka pōʻino o nā pōpoki hele kaʻawale i ke kaiapuni, aia kekahi kānāwai i ʻae ʻia e kaohi ana, a ma kekahi mau wahi e pāpā loa i nā pōpoki manuahi.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki mai ka purr manuahi me nā pilikia nui, no laila he mea maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i ka pōpoki i loko o ka hale a i ʻole e hele ma kahi palekana, paʻa i ka pā a i ʻole ma kahi kaula. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻano kūʻē kēia i ka manaʻo o 5 mau kūʻokoʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka palena nui i ke kūʻokoʻa e hoʻokō i nā ʻano hana maʻamau. Akā ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe mea e uku ai i nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana (a me nā pilikia e pili ana me ia)

He aha ka hana? Hiki i ka popoki ke ulu i kona ola a pau i loko o ka hale?

Malia paha inā hoʻokumu ʻoe i kahi kaiapuni waiwai nona. No laila pehea ʻoe e hana ai i kahi kaiapuni waiwai no kahi pōpoki i loko?

1. Manaʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema i aʻo i ka ʻano o nā pōpoki e loaʻa i ka purr ka liʻiliʻi ʻelua lumi (Mertens a me Schär, 1988; Bernstein a me Strack, 1996).
2. Inā nui nā pōpoki, pono i kēlā me kēia o lākou palena iki 10 sq.m nā hakahaka (Bernstein a me Strack, 1996). I kēia hihia, hiki i kēlā me kēia o nā pōpoki ke loaʻa i kahi kihi kūpono no ka hoʻomaha a pāʻani paha i kēlā me kēia manawa, ʻaʻole lākou e hakakā. Wahi a kahi haʻawina (Barry and Crowell-Davis, 1999), ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pōpoki e mālama i kahi mamao o 1 a 3 mau mika a ʻoi aʻe paha mai kekahi i kekahi, a e hiki ole ia lakou ke hoemi i keia mamao.
3. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole wale ka wahi o u1989bu1992bka lumi he mea nui, akā ʻo ka maikaʻi o kona hoʻopiha ʻana. Hoʻoikaika a makemake nā pōpoki i ka piʻi (Eisenberg, 1993), a no laila ʻo nā "luna kiʻekiʻe" ma ke ʻano he wahi kūpono a me nā wahi palekana (DeLuca a me Kranda, 1995; Holmes, XNUMX; James, XNUMX). Pono e lako pono nā Purrs "ʻelua" a me ka "kolu" papahele. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i mau mea hana kūikawā i kūʻai ʻia i loko o nā hale kūʻai holoholona, ​​a me nā papa, nā puka makani a me nā mea kūpono ʻē aʻe.
4. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka lā, hiamoe a hoʻomaha paha nā pōpoki, ʻo ia hoʻi he mea pono e hoʻolako iā lākou hale moe oluolu me nā mea ʻoluʻolu e like me nā pads (Crouse et al., 1995) a i ʻole ka lole palupalu (Hawthorne et al., 1995). Ma muli o ka makemake o nā pōpoki e hoʻomaha hoʻokahi ma mua o ka hui pū ʻana me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe (Podberscek et al., 1991), pono e lawa nā wahi moe i loko o ka lumi (nā kumu maʻamau: N + 1, kahi N ka helu o nā holoholona i loko o ka hale. ).
5. I kekahi manawa, manaʻo nā pōpoki i ka pono e hūnā, me ka pale ʻana i ka launa pū ʻana me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​kānaka, a me nā kūlana koʻikoʻi (Carlstead et al., 1993; James, 1995; Rochlitz et al., 1998). Wahi a kahi haʻawina (Barry and Crowell-Davis, 1999), hoʻohana nā pōpoki i ka 48-50% o ko lākou manawa e peʻe mai ka prying eyes. No laila, ma waho aʻe o nā wahi moe maʻamau, pono nā "pale" kahi e hūnā ai nā purrs. Manaʻo ʻo Schroll (2002) e loaʻa i kahi hale ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻelua "pale" no ka pōpoki. Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka nui o nā pilikia pili.
6. Pono ka hale lawa nā pā (ke kumu maʻamau: N+1, ʻo N ka helu o nā pōpoki i loko o ka hale) aia ma kahi mamao mai nā wahi hoʻomaha a me nā wahi hānai. Pono e waiho ʻia nā pā ma nā wahi mālie a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā. E hoʻomanaʻo he ʻokoʻa nā makemake o nā pōpoki ʻokoʻa no ka litter, a pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia mau makemake. E like me nā makemake e pili ana i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka "toilet" (wehe a pani ʻia).  
7. He mea nui i ka popoki ke hoʻomalu i ke kaiapuni a ʻaʻole hoʻoluhi (Broom and Johnson, 1993, pp. 111–144). ʻOiai ʻo ka noho ʻana i loko o ka hale he mea ʻoluʻolu inā ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka mea hale i nā ʻano like ʻole (Wemelsfelder, 1991), ʻaʻole makemake nā pōpoki i ka hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻole ʻia, e like me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā holoholona a me nā kānaka ʻike ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻololi koke i ka hana o kēlā me kēia lā (Carlstead et al., 1993). ). ʻO ka pane a ka pōpoki i ka nui o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana e pili ana i nā kumu he nui, e like me ke ʻano o ka pōpoki (Lowe a me Bradshaw, 2001) a me ka ʻike ola. He mea pono e pale aku i nā mea koʻikoʻi, akā i ka manawa like e hāʻawi i ka pōpoki i ka manawa e mālama i nā kūlana o ke ola a hana i nā koho (no ka laʻana, ke koho ʻana i nā mea pāʻani like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​koho meaʻai).
8. ʻO ka pōpoki he mea hahai holoholona hānau, ʻo ia hoʻi e hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i kēia ʻano. Eia kekahi laʻana, ma pāʻani hoʻohālike hahai holoholona (ka hoʻohālua, ka hahai ʻana a me ka hopu pio ʻana, etc.)