He aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka pi: ka hierarchy i loko o ka hive a me ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o kēlā me kēia kanaka

Hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​Apiologs ma kahi o 21 tausani mau ʻano pi. He mamo lakou na ka nalo. Malia paha, ua haʻalele lākou i ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻano pepeke ʻē aʻe, me ka ʻai pinepine ʻana i nā mea like ʻole i uhi ʻia me ka pollen.

Ua hana ʻia kahi ʻano like ʻole ma kahi o 100 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Hōʻike kēia i ka mōʻaukala o ka nalo. He mau wāwae ko ka mōʻalihaku me ke ʻano o nā mea ʻaihue, akā ʻo ka nui o ka lauoho e hōʻike ana no ka pollinating insects.

Ua lōʻihi ke kaʻina hana pollination ma mua o ka puka ʻana o ka nalo. ʻO nā mea kanu i pollina e nā lele, nalo a me na nalo. Akā, ua ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a me ka maikaʻi o nā pi i kēia mea.

I kēia manawa hiki i ka nalo ke noho kokoke i nā wahi āpau koe wale nō ʻo Antarctica. Ua hoʻololi lākou e hānai i ka nectar a me ka pollen. Hoʻopiha ka Nectar i nā waihona ikehu, a loaʻa i ka pollen nā meaʻai a pau e pono ai lākou. ʻElua mau ʻēheu ʻokoʻa ka nui (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mua) e hāʻawi i ka nalo i ka hiki ke lele manuahi a wikiwiki.

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻo ka dwarf. Noho ʻo ia ma Indonesia a hiki i ka nui a hiki i 39mm. Piʻi ka pi maʻamau a hiki i ka 2mm.

polination

ʻO ka pi kekahi o nā hui pollinators nui loa. He koʻikoʻi ko lākou i ka pollination o nā mea kanu. Kūleʻa lākou i ka ʻohi ʻana i ka nectar a me ka ʻohi pollen. Akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pollen. No ka omo nectar, lakou hoʻohana i ka proboscis lōʻihi.

Ua uhi ʻia ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ka nalo me nā villi electrostatic, kahi e pili ai ka pollen. I kēlā me kēia manawa, hōʻiliʻili lākou i ka pollen mai iā lākou iho me ke kōkua o nā pulupulu ma ko lākou mau wāwae a hoʻoneʻe iā ia i kahi hīnaʻi pollen aia ma waena o ko lākou mau wāwae hope. Hoʻohui ʻia ka pollen a me ka nectar a lilo i mea ʻeleʻele e neʻe i loko o ka waihona meli. Kau ʻia nā hua ma luna o kēia, a ua pani nā pūnaewele. No laila, ʻaʻole pili ka poʻe mākua a me kā lākou larvae ma kekahi ʻano.

pilikia e huna ana

1. ʻO ka ʻenemi nui, ʻo ia nā manu e hopu i nā pepeke ma ka lele.
2. Ma nā pua nani, e kali pū ana ka pilikia. E hauʻoli nā ʻōpala Triatomine a me nā pūnana ala hele wāwae e hopu a ʻai i ka mea hana meli ʻoniʻoni.
3. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā pepeke pōʻino, he mea weliweli loa ia no nā pollinators onion.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o ka nalo a me ka mea e hilinaʻi ai

ʻAʻole hiki ke pane pololei ʻia kēia nīnau, a pono e noʻonoʻo kaʻawale i kēlā me kēia ʻano pipi.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o ka makuahine?

Noho ka ʻōpū ola lōʻihi loa. Ke ola nei kekahi poʻe waiwai a hiki i 6 mau makahiki, akā ʻo kēia wale nō ka mea i puka mai nā hua he nui i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, hāʻawi ka mōʻīwahine i nā hua liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi. Hoʻololi pinepine ʻia ka ʻōpū i kēlā me kēia 2 makahiki.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o kahi drone?

Hōʻike nā drones i ka pūnāwai. ʻElua pule ma mua o ko lākou hiki ʻana i ka wā ʻōpio. I ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ʻōpū, make koke ke kāne. ʻO nā drones i ola a ʻaʻole i hoʻomomona i ka ʻōpū e ola a hiki i ka hāʻule. ʻAʻole naʻe lākou i manaʻo ʻia e ola lōʻihi: kipaku nā pi hana i nā drones mai ka hive e mālama i ka meaʻai. Kakaikahi ka hana pela ola ka drone i ka hoʻoilo i ka hive. Hiki i kēia ke hana i loko o ka ʻohana ʻaʻohe ʻōpū a i ʻole he keiki ʻole.

A no laila ua ʻike ʻia: ʻo ka hapa nui o nā drones he ʻelua pule wale nō, ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e ola kokoke i hoʻokahi makahiki.

Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o ka nalo hana

Aia ke ola o ka nalo hana i ke kau o kona helehelena. Noho ka brood spring 30-35 mau lā, ʻo Iune hoʻokahi - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 30. ʻO ka brood i ʻike ʻia i ka wā hōʻiliʻili meli e ola ana ma lalo o 28 mau lā. ʻO nā ʻāʻī lōʻihi he poʻe hāʻule. Pono lākou e ola a hiki i ka pūnāwai, e kali ana i ka wā meli. I ke anuanu Siberian, hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia kēia manawa no 6-7 mau mahina.

I loko o nā kolo me ka ʻole o nā keiki, hiki i nā pi hana ke ola a hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki.

pili pili nalo

mau hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia nā iniseti. ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka wai a me ka hale e hoʻohua pū ai lākou. Hoomalu pu lakou ia lakou iho mai na enemi. Ma ka hive, hana kēlā me kēia i kāna hana. Hāʻawi lākou a pau i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā honeycombs, mālama i ka ʻōpio a me ka ʻōpū.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pi i ʻelua mau ʻāpana e like me kā lākou hui:

1. semi- lehulehu. Hōʻike i kahi hui i loaʻa ka mahele o ka hana.
2. lehulehu. Aia ka pūʻulu o ka makuahine a me kāna mau kaikamahine, mālama ʻia ka mahele o ka hana. I loko o ia hui, aia kekahi hierarchy: kapa ʻia ka makuahine he mōʻī wahine, a ʻo kāna mau kaikamahine i kapa ʻia nā limahana.

Ma ka hui, hana kēlā me kēia pī i kāna hana. ʻO ka ʻoihana ʻoihana e pili ana i ka makahiki o ke kanaka. 3-4 mau lā o ke ola ke hoʻomaka nei ka nalo hana e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā keʻena kahi āna i ʻike ai. Ma hope o ʻelua mau lā, hoʻopuka kāna mau ʻeleʻele i ka royal jelly. A aia kahi "hoʻonui". I kēia manawa pono ʻo ia e hānai i nā ʻuala. I nā manawa kaʻawale mai ka hānai ʻana, hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a mālama i ka pūnana.

ʻO nā hana a nā kahu hānai e mālama i ka ʻōpū. Hānai pū lākou i ke aliʻi wahine me ka jeli aliʻi, holoi a palaki i kona lauoho. ʻO ke kuleana o kahi ʻumi ʻumi ʻōpio nalo ka nānā ʻana i ka palekana a me ka hōʻoluʻolu o ke aliʻi wahine. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻoiai ʻo ia e palekana a maikaʻi hoʻi, e noho aliʻi ana ke kauoha piha i loko o ke kolone.

I ka hiki ʻana o ka pi i ʻelua pule, hoʻololi hou ʻia kahi ʻano loea. Lilo ka ʻiniko i mea kūkulu hale a ʻaʻole e hoʻi hou i kāna hana kahiko. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻili waxy ma hope o ʻelua pule o ke ola. I kēia manawa e hana ka nalo i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pulu kahiko a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea hou. ʻO ia hoʻi ʻae i ka meli mai ka ʻai ʻana i ka nalo meli, hana hou ia, hoʻokomo i loko o ke keʻena a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka wax.

Aia kekahi mau mea i kapa ʻia ʻo solitary bees. Hōʻike ka inoa i ka noho ʻana i loko o ka pūʻulu o hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano wahine, nāna i hānai a hāʻawi i ka meaʻai no kā lākou mau keiki. ʻAʻohe o lākou kaʻawale o nā limahana. ʻAʻole hoʻopuka ia mau ʻupena i ka meli a i ʻole ka wax. Akā ʻo kā lākou mea nui, ʻo ia wale nō ke kuʻi ʻana i nā hihia pale ponoʻī.

Hoʻolako nā ʻano ʻano mehameha i nā pūnana ma ka lepo a i ʻole nā ​​kumu ʻohe. E like me nā ʻano pipi ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole mālama nā wahine mehameha i kā lākou mau keiki, mālama wale lākou i ka puka o ka pūnana. Hānau ʻia nā kāne ma mua, a i ka wā e hānau ai nā wahine, ua mākaukau lākou e hoʻopā.

Nā piʻi palaka

ʻO kēia poʻe ʻaihue ʻai mai nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a me na pepeke. ʻAʻohe o nā ʻelele o kēia hui e ʻohi i ka pollen, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻonohonoho i kā lākou pūnana ponoʻī. ʻO lākou, e like me ka cuckoos, waiho i kā lākou mau hua i loko o nā waihona meli o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai e luku ana i nā ʻōpala o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Aia kekahi mau hihia i ka wā e pepehi ai ka ʻohana kleptoparasite i nā mea nona ka pūnana a me kā lākou mōʻī wahine, e luku i kā lākou mau larvae a waiho i kā lākou mau hua.