He aha nā kala e ʻike ai nā ʻīlio?

No ka manawa lōʻihi, ua manaʻo ʻia e ʻike nā ʻīlio i ka honua i ka ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo. Akā, mai ka makahiki 2012, mahalo i nā hana a ka mea noiʻi ʻo Jay Neitz, nā loea mai ka Russian Academy of Sciences a me nā mea noiʻi ʻē aʻe, loaʻa iā mākou ke kumu e hauʻoli ai i kā mākou mau hoa wāwae ʻehā! ʻO ka honua no lākou ʻaʻole ia he kiʻi ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo. Hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​ʻīlio i nā kala, ʻaʻole naʻe ka spectrum holoʻokoʻa.

ʻEkolu cones o ke ākea kala ka maka o ke kanaka. Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā aka melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, uliuli a me ka ʻulaʻula. Akā ʻelua wale nō cones i ka ʻīlio. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka melemele a me ka uliuli wale nō, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka melemele-'ōmaʻomaʻo a me ka ʻulaʻula-ʻalani. ʻAʻole kēlā koho nui, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ke kiʻi ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo.

Ua alakaʻi nā loea ʻo Russian Academy of Science i kahi haʻawina i kōkua i ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻike ʻike o ka ʻīlio. ʻO kā lākou hana ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana inā ʻohi nā ʻīlio i ka pae o ka mālamalama. Ua pili ka hoʻokolohua i nā ʻīlio 8 o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā makahiki. Ua waiho ʻia nā pahu 4 i mua o lākou, ʻo kekahi o ia mau pahu he kīʻaha meaʻai ʻono. Ua kau ʻia kahi pepa kala ma luna o kēlā me kēia pahu. ʻEhā o lākou, a me nā pahu: melemele māmā, melemele ʻeleʻele, uliuli māmā a me ka uliuli ʻeleʻele. He lau melemele ʻeleʻele e kau mau ʻia ma luna o ka pahu meaʻai ʻono. I ka pae mua o ka ho'āʻo ʻana, ua ʻae ʻia nā ʻīlio e nānā i nā pahu a me kā lākou mea i loko a hoʻohālikelike iā lākou i kahi pepa kala. I ʻekolu hoʻokokoke ʻana, ua hoʻomaopopo nā ʻīlio he lau melemele ʻeleʻele e kuhikuhi ana i ka pahu meaʻai. A laila hoʻemi ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka helu o nā pahu i ʻelua. Pono nā ʻīlio e koho ma waena o kahi hōʻailona melemele māmā a me ka uliuli. Inā alakaʻi ʻia nā ʻīlio e ka mālamalama, koho lākou i ke kala uliuli, no ka mea. ua like ia me ka olinolino o ka melemele eleele. Akā ua koho kēlā me kēia ʻīlio hoʻāʻo i ka lau melemele māmā.

ʻAʻole manaʻo nā hopena o ka hoʻokolohua ʻaʻole ʻike nā ʻīlio i ka ʻōlinolino o nā kala. Akā, hōʻike lākou i ka lā, nānā ka ʻīlio i ke kala, ʻaʻole i ka pae o ka mālamalama.

He "bicolor" ko nā ʻīlio. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe noiʻi i ka ʻike ʻana o nā ʻīlio i ka honua e like me ka ʻike ʻana o ka poʻe makapō kala.

ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi. ʻAʻole alakaʻi ʻia nā ʻīlio alakaʻi, e nānā ana i ke kukui uila, e ke kala kukui, akā ma kahi o ka hōʻailona.

Ke hele mai ʻoe i ka hale kūʻai holoholona no kahi pāʻani no ka ʻīlio, holo ākea kou mau maka. Nui nā ʻano o lākou: nui nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā kala. ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona he mau pale pale, ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe he momona, ʻālohilohi, mai ke ʻano o "huki i kou mau maka". Pehea kou manaʻo, he mea nui ke kala o ka pāʻani no ka ʻīlio ponoʻī?

No ka mea hiki i nā ʻīlio ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā kala melemele a me nā kala uliuli, pono ia e koho i nā mea pāʻani o kēia mau aka no nā pāʻani a me ke aʻo ʻana. ʻIke maopopo ka ʻīlio i nā mea uliuli a melemele ma ka mauʻu a i ʻole ka hau. Akā, ʻo ka pōpō ʻulaʻula i nā maka o ka ʻīlio e hui pū me ka mauʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo: ʻike ka holoholona i ka hina hina.

ʻO ke ʻano o kēia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole kūʻai i ka pōpō ʻulaʻula? A me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka poni a me ka ʻalani? ʻAʻole. Inā hilinaʻi ka ʻīlio i ka ʻike wale nō, a laila paʻakikī loa iā ia ke ʻimi i nā mea pāʻani i kēia mau kala. Ma waho aʻe o ka hihiʻo, loaʻa i nā holoholona ke ʻano o ka ʻala - mahalo iā ia, hiki i ka ʻīlio ke loaʻa i kahi pāʻani o kēlā me kēia kala ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao. No laila, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e kau ʻia ma luna o ke kala o ka mea pāʻani.

ʻAʻole wale ka ʻike, akā kōkua pū kekahi i ka ʻīlio e ʻimi i kahi pāʻani. Mahalo i ka ʻala ʻoi, ʻike maʻalahi ka ʻīlio i kahi pāʻani o kēlā me kēia kala.

Inā ʻaʻole i hōʻoluʻolu ʻoe i ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā kala melemele a me ka uliuli a ke kaumaha nei ʻoe i kāu holoholona, ​​​​e hoʻomanaʻo e ʻike pono nā ʻīlio i ka pōʻeleʻele a wehewehe pono i nā ʻano o ka hina. A ʻoi aku ka laulā o kā lākou ʻike ma mua o kā mākou. Hiki i nā ʻīlio ke ʻike maopopo i ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea ma kahi mamao o 400 mika ʻoiai me nā kukui maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole mākou i moeʻuhane. A ʻo nā mea a pau ʻaʻole hiki ke hana hou ʻia e ka hihiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ʻano o ka ʻala.

ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā waihoʻoluʻu no nā holoholona ʻaʻole i koʻikoʻi nui ma mua o ka hiki ke ʻike i ka pō, e hopu i ka neʻe ma kahi lōʻihi, e lohe a honi.

No laila hiki iā mākou ke hauʻoli wale no lākou!