ʻEhia mau ʻano ʻīlio?

Ma ke ʻano o ka nui a me ka helehelena, ʻo nā ʻīlio kekahi o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka honua. He paʻakikī ke manaʻoʻiʻo he ʻano like ka chihuahua liʻiliʻi a me ka dane pilikua ma kahi pae genetic. Akā ʻo ko lākou mau pepeiao ʻokoʻa, paws, a me nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ma muli o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke kanaka.

ʻEhia mau ʻano ʻīlio? A he aha hoʻi ka mea e pono ai e hoʻokomo i kahi ʻano ʻīlio hou i ka papa inoa o nā ʻano ʻano mana? E heluhelu e ʻike i nā pane i kēia mau nīnau.

Nā kino hui o nā ʻīlio ʻīlio

ʻO ka Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), i kapa ʻia ʻo World Cynological Organization, he hui honua o nā hui kennel mai 84 mau ʻāina, ʻaʻole ʻo US, UK a me Australia. Ma kēia mau ʻāina ʻekolu, ʻo ka American Kennel Club (AKC), ka British Kennel Club (KC) a me ka Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) nā hui hoʻomalu no ka wehewehe ʻana i nā ʻano ʻīlio a me kā lākou mau kūlana. ʻO kēia mau hui ke kuleana no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka kūlike o nā ʻīlio e hānai i nā koi, a no ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kūlana pua i kēlā me kēia wahi a lākou e lawelawe ai.

ʻIke ʻia o nā ʻano ʻīlio

No ka lilo ʻana i ʻano ʻīlio i ʻike ʻia, ua lōʻihi ka hele ʻana o kahi ʻano ʻīlio hou. Hiki i nā hui ʻīlio ʻīlio ʻokoʻa ke ʻokoʻa iki mai kekahi i kekahi, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o kahi ʻano hou. Eia nō naʻe, makemake lākou a pau e hahai i ke ʻano AKC, e koi ana i ka nui o ka heluna kanaka o kekahi ʻano ʻīlio a lawa ka hoihoi aupuni e hōʻoia i ka ʻike ʻia o ka ʻano. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kahi ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi ka nānā ʻana i ke olakino a me nā ʻano o kēlā ʻano ʻīlio a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā lula e hōʻoia i ka hānai ʻana o nā mea hoʻohua i nā holoholona olakino ma ke ʻano palekana a kūpono.

Ma mua o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o ka AKC i kahi ʻano hou no ke kūlana maʻemaʻe, pono e loaʻa iā ia ka heluna kanaka ma kahi o 300 a 400 mau ʻīlio ma kahi o ʻekolu mau hanauna. Pono e hoʻolaʻa ʻia kahi hui kennel aupuni no kēia ʻano hou, aia ma kahi o 100 mau lālā e noho ana ma 20 mau mokuʻāina. Pono ka hui e hoʻonohonoho i nā kūlana a me nā hiʻohiʻona e pono ai ka ʻīlio e hui ai i mea e helu ʻia ai ma ke ʻano he ʻano i hāʻawi ʻia.

Ke hoʻokō ka hui ʻohana lāhui i nā koi a pau i luna, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i ka AKC no ke kūlana ʻohana kūhelu. Inā ʻae ʻia, hiki i ka pua ke komo i ka papa "'ē aʻe" ma nā hōʻike i mālama ʻia e ka AKC. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma hope o ke komo ʻana i kēia papa no ʻekolu mau makahiki ma lalo o ʻekolu mau makahiki, e nānā ka Papa Hoʻokele o ka AKC i ka ʻano e hoʻoholo ai inā kūpono ia i nā koi a inā e hāʻawi ʻia ia i ka ʻike piha a me ke kūlana ʻano pua. Eia naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka helu o nā ʻano hou i hoʻohui ʻia i ka papa inoa AKC i kēlā me kēia makahiki, me 25 mau ʻano hou i loaʻa ke kūlana kūhelu mai ka makahiki 2010.

Hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano ʻīlio

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano ʻīlio nui a pau i nā ʻano ʻīlio i nā pūʻulu e pili ana i ka hana i hānai mua ʻia ai ka ʻīlio. Hāʻawi ka AKC i nā ʻīlio i ʻehiku mau ʻano:

Huntinga. Aia i loko o kēia hui nā ʻīlio i hānai ʻia no ka hahai manu e like me ka ʻiole a me ka geese. No kēia kumu, ʻike ka AKC a me ANKC i kēia pūʻulu he "gunners/cops". Aia kēia pūʻulu i nā mea hoʻihoʻi e like me Labradors, Spaniels, a me Irish Setters, a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o Setters.

Hounds. Aia i loko o ka hui hound nā greyhounds ʻelua, e like me ka Afghan hound a me Irish wolfhound, a me nā hounds, e like me ka bloodhound a me ka beagle. Ua hānai pinepine ʻia nā ʻīlio Beagle e hahai i nā pāʻani nui a me nā pāʻani liʻiliʻi. I kēia lā, e like me ArtNet, ke ʻimi nei kekahi o lākou i nā keiki nalo, hoʻopakele i ka poʻe i loaʻa i ke olai ma lalo o nā ʻōpala, a me ka honi ʻana i nā ʻinikena ʻino i nā kiʻi pena.

ʻO Terriers. Ua hānai mua ʻia nā ʻīlio i loko o kēia pūʻulu e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka heluna rodent. ʻO nā terrier liʻiliʻi ikaika a ikaika hoʻi e holo wikiwiki i loko o nā lua ma hope o nā ʻiole a me nā ʻiole ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai nā ʻano nui e ʻeli i nā wahi peʻe o kā lākou mea pio. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou e lawe i ka inoa o kahi i hele mai ai lākou, e like me Cairn a i ʻole Staffordshire.

Kahuhipa. Ua hānai mua ʻia nā ʻano kahu hānai e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona e like me ka hipa a me ka pipi. Ma muli o ka agile a me ka naʻauao, maʻalahi lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa a pane koke i nā kauoha kanaka. ʻO ia ke kumu i hana ai kekahi mau ʻano kahu hānai, e like me ka German Shepherd, i nā mākaʻi maikaʻi, pūʻali koa, a me nā ʻīlio ʻimi a hoʻopakele.

Lawelawe. ʻO nā pua lawelawe nā ʻano i hānai ʻia e hana i nā hana kikoʻī ʻaʻole pili i ka hahai holoholona a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana. ʻO kēia nā ʻīlio holo kaʻa e like me ka Siberian Husky, nā ʻīlio ʻimi a hoʻopakele e like me St. Bernard a me nā ʻīlio nui aʻe e like me ka Rottweiler, ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia e ka Rottweiler Club o United Kingdom i hānai ʻia e mālama i nā pipi i lawe ʻia i ka mākeke.

Hoʻoikaika ʻole. Hoʻolālā ʻia kēia hui no nā ʻano paʻakikī e hoʻopili i nā hui ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā ʻīlio hahai holoholona ʻole ka Dalmatian, Poodle, a me Chow Chow, a me nā ʻīlio ʻē aʻe i hānai wale ʻia no ka launa a i ʻole nā ​​​​hana i kūpono ʻole i nā ʻano nui ʻē aʻe.

lumi-mea hoʻonani. ʻO ka pūʻulu o loko-decorative nā mea liʻiliʻi loa. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano, e like me ka Yorkshire Terrier (he pūʻulu o nā terriers) a i ʻole ka Toy Poodle (he pūʻulu hahai holoholona ʻole), e hāʻawi ʻia i nā hui ʻē aʻe inā ʻaʻole no ko lākou liʻiliʻi. E like me ke kānāwai, hānai ʻia kēia mau ʻīlio ma lalo o 5 kg i mau hoa.

ʻEhia mau ʻano ʻīlio?

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa wale nō, ʻo ka papa inoa o nā ʻīlio ʻīlio AKC i kēia manawa he 190 mau inoa. I ka honua holoʻokoʻa, he 360 ​​mau ʻano i ʻike ʻia i ka FCI. ʻAʻole kēia mau ʻano hoʻokolohua i loaʻa ʻole i ke kūlana kūlana. ʻAʻole hoʻi i loko o nā papa inoa kūhelu nā ʻīlio hui ʻia, ʻaʻole hoʻi i nā keʻa "mea hoʻolālā" e like me ka Goldendoodle (Golden Retriever/Poodle mix) a i ʻole Pugle (Beagle/Pug mix).

ʻOiai he nani a kaulana kēia mau ʻīlio hou, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hui ʻana o nā ʻīlio ʻīlio a ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu i nā kūlana olakino e kāpae ʻia lākou no ka hōʻoia maʻemaʻe. E like me nā ʻano ʻano kaulana ʻē aʻe, ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi ʻīlio, pono e hōʻoia nā mea nona ka ʻīlio i ke olakino a maikaʻi ka mea hānai. A ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻano i hoʻopau ʻia i loko o kou hale hoʻomalu holoholona hiki ke lilo i hoaaloha mau loa.

ʻOiai aia i kēia manawa he ʻewalu mau mea noi manaʻolana i helu ʻia ma lalo o ka papa AKC "'ē aʻe" a ke hoʻomau nei ka poʻe hoʻoulu ʻīlio hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻokolohua me nā ʻano ʻano hou, ke piʻi mau nei ka nui o nā ʻīlio ʻīlio. Akā, i ka hopena, inā pili ka ʻīlio i kahi ʻano i ʻike ʻia a i ʻole he hui pū ʻana o nā ʻumi ʻumi ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole ia he mea nui i kona hiki ke aloha iā ʻoe a lilo i pipi nui.