Euthanasia o nā mea kolo a me nā amphibians

Nā helu noi no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka lolo ma o ka maka parietal (kolu) Puna: D.Mader (2005)

Hiki i ka lolo o nā kuhukukū ke mālama i kāna hana no kekahi manawa ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka pōloli oxygen, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia, no ka mea, aia nā hihia o ke ala koke ʻana o ka holoholona ma hope o ke "kaʻina hope"; ʻAʻole lawa ka apnea wale no ka make. Ua aʻo kekahi mau mea kākau haole i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi hopena formalin i ka spinal cord a i ʻole anesthetics, me nā lāʻau i koho ʻia no ka euthanasia, a ua manaʻo pū kekahi e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā paʻakai potassium a me ka magnesium ma ke ʻano he cardioplegic agents (e hōʻemi i ka hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i ka hana pumping. ka puʻuwai) i mea e pale ai i ke ala ʻana. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ke ʻano o ka inhalation o nā mea maʻalahi no nā honu no ke kumu e hiki ai i nā honu ke paʻa i ko lākou hanu no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO Fry i kāna mau palapala (1991) e kuhikuhi ana i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka puʻuwai no kekahi manawa ma hope o ke kaʻina hana euthanasia, kahi e hiki ai ke hōʻiliʻili i ke koko inā pono ia no ka noiʻi no ke kumu o ka nānā ʻana i ka post-mortem o kahi hihia lapaʻau. Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia i ka wā e ʻike ai i ka make.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kekahi poʻe noiʻi ma lalo o ka euthanasia ʻo ia ka pepehi pololei ʻana ma o ka pōʻino kino o ka lolo me ke kōkua o nā mea paahana, a ua hana ʻia nā kaʻina hana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau holoholona e like me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka holoholona.

Nui nā alakaʻi no ka euthanasia o nā mea kolo i paʻi ʻia ma ʻAmelika, akā ua hāʻawi mau ʻia ke poʻo inoa o "gold standard" e nā poʻe akamai he nui i nā moʻolelo a Kauka Cooper. No ka premedication, hoʻohana nā mea lapaʻau lāʻau haole i ka ketamine, kahi e maʻalahi ai ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau nui i loko o ka vein, a hoʻemi hoʻi i ke koʻikoʻi o ka holoholona a pale i ka mea nona nā hopohopo pono ʻole inā aia ʻo ia i ke kaʻina hana euthanasia. A laila, hoʻohana ʻia nā barbiturates. Hoʻohana kekahi poʻe loea i ka calcium chloride ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā anesthetics. Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā ʻano like ʻole: intravenously, i ka mea i kapa ʻia. maka pilietal. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā hopena intracelomically a i ʻole intramuscularly; aia ka manaʻo he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia mau ala o ka hoʻokele, akā ʻoi aku ka mālie o ka hopena. Eia nō naʻe, pono e noʻonoʻo kekahi i ka dehydration, hypothermia a i ʻole maʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi, e waiho mau ana i nā hōʻailona no ka euthanasia) hiki ke lilo i mea paʻa o ka absorption lāʻau. Hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea maʻi i loko o kahi keʻena hāʻawi anesthetic inhalation (halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane), akā hiki ke lōʻihi loa kēia ʻano hana no ka mea, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, hiki i kekahi mau mea kolo ke paʻa i ko lākou hanu a hele i nā kaʻina anaerobic, e hāʻawi iā lākou i kekahi. ka manawa e ʻike ai i ka apnea; pili mua kēia i nā koʻokoʻo a me nā honu wai.

Wahi a D.Mader (2005), amphibians, i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua euthanized me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka TMS (Tricaine methane sulfonate) a me MS - 222. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Cooper, Ewebank and Platt (1989) hiki ke pepehi ʻia nā amphibians aquatic i ka wai me ka sodium bicarbonate. a i ʻole kahi papa Alco-Seltzer. Euthanasia me TMS (Tricaine methane sulfonate) e like me Wayson et al. (1976) ka mea kaumaha loa. Manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻokele intracelomic o TMS ma kahi ʻano o 200 mg / kg. Hoʻohana pū ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ethanol i ka nui o ka 20% no ka euthanasia. Hāʻawi ʻia ka Pentobarbital ma kahi ʻano o 100 mg / kg intracelomically. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia e kekahi poʻe pathologists no ka mea ke kumu ia i nā hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻiʻo i pohō nui i ke kiʻi pathological (Kevin M. Wright a me Brent R. Whitaker, 2001).

I nā nahesa, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo T 61 i loko o ka puʻuwai (intramuscularly a i ʻole intracelomically e like me ka mea e pono ai, a hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka māmā. lawelawe i na moo a me na honu Ma ka pili ana i na kookoo nui loa, olelo kekahi poe kakau i ka pana ma ke kua o ke poo, ina aole he ala e ae. pū, ʻoiai mai ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokele waiwai o ka hoʻopuka, no laila, e hōʻole mākou i ka ʻōlelo ʻana no kēia pilikia. He wahi nō hoʻi ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma waena o nā ʻenehana euthanasia reptile. ua hōʻike i ka hilinaʻi kanaka i kēia ʻano, ʻoiai inā ua mākaukau ka mea maʻi ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i loko o ke keʻena, ma muli o ka lōʻihi o ka maloʻo ʻana i loko o ka pahu hau. Eia nō naʻe, i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana ma hope o ka anesthetizing i ka holoholona.

ʻAʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ka decapation kahi ʻano hana kanaka o ka euthanasia. ʻO Cooper et al. (1982) i hōʻike ʻia e hiki i ka lolo reptilian ke ʻike i ka ʻeha a hiki i ka hola 1 ma hope o ka haki ʻana me ke kuamoʻo. Nui nā puke e wehewehe ana i ke ʻano o ka pepehi kanaka ma ka hoʻopōʻino ʻana i ka lolo me kahi mea ʻoi. I ko mākou manaʻo, hana ʻia kēia ʻano ma ke ʻano o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hopena i ka lolo ma o ka injection i ka maka parietal. ʻO ke koko ʻole nō hoʻi (ʻo ka hiki ʻana o ka lolo o nā mea kolo a me nā amphibians i ka wā o ka hypoxia i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna), ʻo ka hahau ikaika i ke poʻo a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pū. Eia naʻe, hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano o ka pana ʻana mai kahi mea kaua nui-caliber i ka maka parietal o nā reptile nui loa ma muli o ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō i nā manipulations kanaka.

Ka holomua o nā ʻano hana euthanasia (e like me Mader, 2005):