Brocade pterygoplicht - nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mālama a me ka mālama ʻana, ka launa pū me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe + kiʻi

ʻO ka mōʻaukala a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka brocade pterygoplicht

ʻO ka Brocade pterygoplichthys (Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps) he iʻa iʻa i ka hihi o ka wai maʻemaʻe (chain catfish family). Ua wehewehe mua ʻia e Kner lāua ʻo Günther i ka makahiki 1854. Ua hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻano i pterygoplichts i ka makahiki 1980. A ma 2003 ua helu ʻia ʻo ia he glyptoperichthy. Kapa ʻokoʻa kēia iʻa leka uila: catfish, leopard glyptopericht, pterik, etc.).

He iʻa ikaika a ikaika ka Pterik. Omnivorous, akā hānai nui ʻia i nā algae, no laila hiki i nā iʻa 1-2 ke mālama i kahi aquarium nui. Ma muli o ka noho ʻana o ka iʻa i lalo, ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele i ka carrion (ma kona wahi kūlohelohe).

Makemake ʻo Brocade catfish e moe ma luna o nā pōhaku

No ʻAmelika Hema kēia iʻa. E like me nā iʻa iʻa ʻē aʻe, noho ʻo ia i nā pāpaʻu o nā muliwai (Amazon, Orinoco, Xingu, etc.). Makemake i nā ʻauwai mālie a me nā wahi kahe o ka ʻāina. Inā hiki mai ke kau maloʻo, a laila moe ka iʻa. No ka hiamoe, koho ʻo ia i nā ana kahi e peʻe ai i ka lepo. I kēia manawa, kūʻai ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka pterygoplicht i nā hale kūʻai holoholona (a hiki i 100 mau ʻano).

Hōʻike Manaʻo

He iʻa nui ʻo Pterik. I ke kaiapuni kūlohelohe, hiki ke ulu a hiki i 50-60 kenimika. Ua ʻike ʻia kēlā ʻano iʻa iʻa he loloa (ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma mua o 20 mau makahiki). I nā kūlana aquarium, ola ka pterik a hiki i 15 mau makahiki. ʻO kona nui e pili ana i ka nui o ka aquarium. Hele mai nā Pterygoplichts i nā kala like ʻole. Ua palahalaha iki ke kino o ka i'a mai luna mai a ua uhi ia me na papa paa, a no ia mea, ua kapaia ka i'a i'a he kaulahao. He laumania ka opu o ia i'a, me ka uhi ole. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka iʻa brocade e kona hope hope kiʻekiʻe (lōʻihi - a hiki i 15 kenimika, aia he 10 a ʻoi aku paha nā kukuna). Kiʻekiʻe nā maka ma ke poʻo.

ʻO ka waha o ka iʻa he palahalaha, elongated

Ma ke ala, ʻano like loa ka iʻa brocade brocade me nā pākeke. Aia ma ka waha o ka pterik he mau puka ihu nui. He lōʻihi ke poʻo (ua like ka lōʻihi o ke poʻo me ka lōʻihi o ke kukuna mua ma ka hope hope). He ʻeleʻele ke kala o ke kino, me nā laina a me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā leo māmā (melemele, hina a me nā kala ʻē aʻe). Ua like loa ke kumu me ke kala o ka leopadi. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kiko ma ke kino ma mua o ke poʻo a me nā ʻili.

Hiki ke loli ke kala a me ke ʻano o ke kino o ka iʻa i ka makahiki. Eia kekahi, pili kēia mau hoʻololi i nā kūlana o ka paʻa. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke ʻano o ka iʻa ma ke ʻano e hoʻololi ai lākou i ke kaiapuni a lākou e noho ai.

He ʻōmo ka waha o ka iʻa. Hiki i ka i'a i'a ke pipili ikaika i kekahi mea a he mea pa'akikī ke hemo pono. Aia ma ka lalo o ka waha he ʻili ʻili oblong, a hele mālie nā kihi o ka antennae.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka maka o ka iʻa (koe ka haumāna).

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kāne o kēia iʻa, akā hiki nō (ʻoiai i ka wā ʻōpio). ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kāne, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pectoral fins o ke kāne he mau spike, aʻo nā wahine ʻaʻole. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā wahine he ʻeleʻele iki. Hiki i nā poʻe aquarists ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā pteriks wahine a me nā kāne ma ke kāne (he papilla genital ka wahine makua).

Nā ʻano like ʻole o ka pterygoplichtov

ʻO ka mea kaulana loa ma waena o nā mea aloha iʻa iʻa ʻulaʻula, gula a me ka leopard pterygoplichts. Akā aia kekahi mau subspecies nani like ʻole i kaulana me nā aquarists:

• pterygoplicht reticulated (Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus);
• ʻO ka pterygoplichthys a Joselman (Pterygoplichthys joselimaianus);
• pterygoplichthys holo melemele (Pterygoplichthys weberi);
• brocade pterygoplicht (Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps).

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau iʻa iʻa ʻaʻole wale e nā aquarists ʻike, akā e nā amateurs.

Papa: nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā subspecies o pterygoplicht

Kiʻi kiʻi: ʻokoʻa subspecies

ʻO ke kumu ma ke kino o ka iʻa brocade he kikoʻī, e like me ka brocade

He ʻano nui ka iʻa Leopard (ʻeleʻele polū ma ke kua māmā)

Ua like ke ʻano o ke kino o ka iʻa iʻa me ka waihona meli

ʻO ka pterygoplicht melemele he mea maʻalahi ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano o ka huelo a me nā hiʻohiʻona geometric ma ka huelo.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o Pterygoplicht Yoselman ke ʻano o nā kiko (e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā hua pīni)

Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o ka pterygoplicht mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe

Hoʻopili ʻia nā Pterygoplichts me nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia e nā mea hoʻolale pono ʻole. Eia naʻe, inā e nānā pono kākou i ka iʻa iʻa, hiki ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona o kēlā me kēia ʻano. ʻO ka pinepine, huikau ka pterik me ka plecostomus (Hypostomus plecostomus).

ʻO ke ala maʻalahi loa e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia mau iʻa ke moe lākou ma lalo o ka aquarium. I ka plecostomus, he lahilahi a lōʻihi ka antennae, ʻoiai ma ka pteric he ʻano cone. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole ʻo Plecostomus i ʻōlelo ʻia e like me ka Pterygoplicht. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolohe i nā lālani o nā wī liʻiliʻi ma ke kino o ka iʻa. ʻElua mau lālani i loko o nā brocades, hoʻomaka ka luna ma ke kiʻekiʻe o nā maka, a ma plecostomuses wale nō ka lālani haʻahaʻa, e hoʻomaka ana ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pectoral fin, ʻike maopopo ʻia.

I ka plecostomus, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi laina spines ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kino

ʻO ka iʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka paia aniani o ka aquarium e ʻike ʻia e ko lākou mau ʻumi. I loko o ka plecostomus, he filiform ka antennae, aneane ʻaʻohe kala, ʻoiai ma ka pteric, mānoanoa nā antennae, paʻa. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā uhi gill o Pterygoplicht he kala ʻulaʻula, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia no Plecostomus.

Hoʻopili pū ʻia ka iʻa brocade me ka ancistrus (Ancistrus). Mālama kekahi poʻe aquarists amateur i kēia mau iʻa i loko o ka aquarium hoʻokahi a ʻaʻole paha e ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou no kekahi mau makahiki. He mea paʻakikī ke ʻole e huikau iā lākou me ka ʻole o ka ʻike, ʻoiai inā he ʻano like ka iʻa. Akā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou ma ke ʻano o ke kino a me nā kikoʻī ʻē aʻe. Inā like ka makahiki o ka iʻa, a laila ʻokoʻa ka nui. I loko o nā hale kūʻai holoholona, ​​hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa iā Ancistrus ʻōpio ma kahi o 2 mau kenimika ka lōʻihi, a me Pteric - 3-4 mau kenimika. A aia kekahi wahi mālamalama ma luna o ka huelo o ka ancistrus, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka pterygoplicht kahi hiʻohiʻona.

Inā ʻoe e nānā pono, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kino o ka iʻa a me ka huelo, me he mea lā, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi ʻāpana māmā.

Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hāmama o ka iʻa brocade a me kahi kikoʻī "paʻakikī". ʻOi aku ka palupalu o ka Ancistrus, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kino.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mālama a me ka mālama

ʻO Brocade pterygoplichts ke nānā aku nei i ka nani a me ka nani, no ka mea, makemake nui lākou i nā aquarists. Ma ke ʻano, he maluhia kēia iʻa, akā hiki iā lākou ke hakakā me nā ʻohana. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa, ʻo ia ka hakakā no ke alakaʻi. ʻO nā Pteriks e hana i ka pōʻeleʻele, a ma ka mālamalama o ka lā e hūnā lākou ma lalo o nā snags a me nā lau o nā mea kanu. Pono ka iʻa i kahi aquarium nui (1 brocade catfish - 200 liters). ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole e ulu ka pterik i kahi aquarium liʻiliʻi. E ho'āʻo ke kino e ulu, akā liʻiliʻi ka wahi. ʻO ka hopena, hiki ke ulu ka dystrophy, a he mea pōʻino kēia i ka iʻa a hoʻemi i ke ola. Ma waho aʻe o ka nui, pili kekahi mau hana hoʻopunipuni i ka ulu ʻana o ka iʻa.

ʻO ke ala wale nō e ulu wikiwiki ai ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe (28 degere) ka mahana o ka wai a me nā loli pinepine, i hui pū ʻia me ka hānai nui (2 manawa i ka lā). Aia ka spirulina, krill, i'a i'a, etc., a 'ai ka pterik i na mea a pau no 4 Astronotus opio. ʻAʻole au i hoʻōki i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā paia.

ʻO Alexander Kharchenko, ka mea nona ka pterygoplicht

I ka brocade catfish, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻōnaehana kaʻa o ka ʻōpū i ke ʻano e hiki ai iā lākou ke komo pū i ka ea lewa. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka ea o ka iʻa, puka mai ka iʻa a ʻai i ka huʻi ea me kona waha. Eia naʻe, pono ʻoe e kānana maikaʻi a hāʻawi i ka oxygen i ka wai. Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka aeration (air saturation) a me ka kānana me nā mea hana kūikawā i kūʻai ʻia ma nā hale kūʻai holoholona. Eia kekahi, he mea nui e hoʻolako i ka aquarium me nā ʻano hale āpau (grottoes, ana, etc.). Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokomo i kēlā mau "hale", a laila pono ʻoe e mālama i ke alo o nā algae ākea ākea (hiki i ka iʻa ke hūnā i ko lākou malu).

Video: brocade catfish i loko o kahi aquarium ʻoluʻolu

Nā palena wai

Ma ka nahelehele, noho nā pterygoplichts i nā muliwai, no laila ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā neʻe mālie o ka wai. Hiki ke hana ʻia ke kahe nāwaliwali me kahi kānana. Manaʻo nā Ichthyologists i nā ʻāpana wai pono:

• mahana - 24-30 °C;
• alkalinity - 6,5-7,5 pH;
• ʻoʻoleʻa waena.

He mea nui hoʻi e hoʻololi i ka wai ma kahi o hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule. ʻAʻole pono ka hoʻohou wai nui, ua lawa ia e hoʻololi i ka hapaha o ka nui. ʻO ka iʻa Brocade ponoʻī e koho i kahi ʻoluʻolu, no laila ʻaʻole pono ke kukui kūikawā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i ke kukui no nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, a e hoʻololi ka iʻa i nā kūlana i manaʻo ʻia.

Nā rula hānai

ʻAi ka iʻa i nā mea a pau. Ma waho aʻe o nā algae, hiki i nā iʻa ke ʻai i nā mea kanu maʻalahi:

• ʻupena;
• spinach;
• kāloti;
• dandelion.

Hoʻolālā ʻia ke kino o ka iʻa i hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ka protein holoholona:

• ʻenuhe honua;
• ilo koko;
• ʻōpae.

ʻIke ʻia ke koena kūpono o nā minerala a me nā huaora i loko o ka meaʻai maloʻo i mākaukau no nā iʻa lalo. Hiki i nā iʻa brocade ke ʻai i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole kēia he hopena o ka huhū, ʻike wale ka iʻa i ka ʻai i ka iʻa ʻauʻau mālie. ʻO ka pinepine, lilo ka discus a me ka iʻa angel (flat a slow) i nā unahi mai nā mea hānai iʻa. ʻO ka meaʻai maikaʻi loa no ka iʻa brocade he hui pū ʻana o nā carbohydrates (70-80%) a me nā protein (20-30%). Inā lawe ʻia ka pterygoplicht ma mua, a laila ʻaʻole pono e hoʻololi nui i ka meaʻai maʻamau no ka meaʻai "pono". A i ʻole, hiki iā ia ke hōʻole i ka ʻai.

Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā iʻa ke ʻai i ka meaʻai ʻokoʻa. No ka laʻana, ua hānai ʻia ka ptera me ka ilo koko, a hāʻawi ʻoe iā ia i nā huaʻai - ʻaʻole paha ʻo ia e ʻai. ʻAʻole paha ʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi.

ʻO Roma, he kanaka aquarist ʻike

Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka pō, ʻai liʻiliʻi ka pterik i ka lā. No laila, inā e hōʻino ʻoe i ka iʻa me nā mea maikaʻi, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi, no ka laʻana, ka meaʻai ola hau no ka pō. ʻO nā mea a pau ʻaʻole e ʻai ʻia, a me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, e kau i ka lepo. I ka pō, ʻohi ka iʻa i nā koena a ʻai. ʻO kekahi iʻa brocade, ua hiki i ke kanaka makua a hoʻonui i ka nui, hoʻomaka e huki i nā mea kanu nui. No laila, pono ʻoe e hoʻokomo i nā algae me kahi ʻōnaehana kumu ikaika.

Inā makemake ʻoe i nā algae palupalu me nā aʻa nāwaliwali, hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu iā lākou i loko o nā pā. Ma ka lalo o nā kīʻaha pono ʻoe e hana i nā lua liʻiliʻi i ʻole e pani i ka wahi. Ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana, pono e kāpīpī ʻia ka lepo i loko o ka ipuhao me nā ʻiliʻili. Pono e uhi ʻia ka ipuhao a pau me ka ʻupena maikaʻi (no ka laʻana, he ʻupena makika), waiho ʻia kahi lua no ka mea kanu e puka ai. ʻAʻole hiki i ka iʻa ke kāʻalo i kēlā ʻano hoʻopunipuni.

ʻO ka pūpū niu kahi mea kūpono no ka lāʻau drift

Pono maoli ka i'a i nā snags. Ua ulu nui ia mau mea me nā limu liʻiliʻi, a ʻai nā pterygoplichts iā lākou. ʻAʻole e pani kēia ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻai piha, akā he mea nui i ka ʻai. Loaʻa iā Brocade a me nā iʻa iʻa ʻē aʻe i nā mea pono mai kēia mau algae, e pili ana i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana digestive, ka ʻōlinolino kala a me ka pale ʻana ma ka laulā. He lohi loa nā iʻa lalo, no laila ʻaʻole ʻai pinepine lākou (ale nā ​​iʻa ʻē aʻe i ka ʻai a pau). No laila, pono ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka piha ʻana o nā kānaka ʻē aʻe o ka aquarium, a ma hope o ia e ninini i kahi meaʻai hou aʻe. ʻAʻole ʻae ka iʻa māʻona i ka lako hou o ka meaʻai, a ʻai ka iʻa me ka mālie. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i ka ʻai ʻole ma ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻōpū o ka iʻa (ʻo ka ʻōpū paʻa, poʻe pōʻai e hōʻike ana i ka māʻona).

Ka launa pū me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe

Ma ka nahelehele, inā pilikia ka iʻa, hohola ia i kona mau peʻa a nui aʻe ka nui a ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻenemi ke ale iā ia. I ka wā hoʻomaha, ʻo ka pterik, kanu ʻia i loko o ka lepo, honi. No laila, hāʻawi ʻia ke ʻano no ka catfish "alarm", i hoʻomaka ʻia i ka wā e hiamoe ana ka iʻa a ʻaʻohe mana maikaʻi ʻole i nā mea e hana nei a puni. I loko o kahi aquarium, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ka pilikia koʻikoʻi i ka iʻa, no laila e kū mai nā hakakā ma waena o nā kāne o kēlā me kēia ʻano iʻa. Hohola ka iʻa i kona mau ʻuala i mea e hoʻoweliweli ai i ka hoa paio.

No ka mea hiki i ka pterygoplicht ke ulu i ka hapalua mika, pono e hoʻohālikelike nā hoalauna i kona nui. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā cichlids, gourami, polypterus, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā hoalauna "kūpono". Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka iʻa iʻa i nā mea ʻai meaʻai. E ʻai a huki paha ka iʻa i nā mea a pau i hiki iā ia, a pōloli ka hoalauna herbivorous.

Hoʻohanohano ʻia ʻo Pterygoplicht e kona ʻano haʻahaʻa a me kona aloha. Akā i kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma waena o nā iʻa i nā hihia i kanu ʻia kahi iʻa iʻa i ulu i loko o kahi aquarium maʻamau. Hiki i nā kāne o nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe ke ʻike i kahi hoʻokūkū e hiki mai ana i kahi mea hou.

Video: hoʻouka ka iʻa cichlid i ka pterygoplicht hou

Hiki i ka pteric ke hoʻowahāwahā a makaʻu paha i ke kanaka, akā ma hope o ka manawa, e maʻa ka iʻa i ka mea nāna e hāʻawi i ka meaʻai. Inā noho ka iʻa iʻa me hoʻokahi kanaka no nā makahiki he nui, a laila e hāʻawi ʻia i loko o ka lima.

Ka hānauʻana

I ka makahiki ʻekolu, e lilo ka iʻa brocade i ke kino. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, nā aquarists, ʻike i kēia, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻohui (kūʻai lākou i kahi iʻa iʻa ʻē aʻe o ka wahine ʻē aʻe, hoʻomākaukau i kahi jigger, etc.). Akā ma ka home, aneane hiki ʻole ke hānai i nā pterygoplichts. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma ka nahele, waiho ka wahine i nā hua i loko o nā lua. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao o ka lepo he lepo a ʻano nui e hiki ai i ke kāne makua ke peʻe i loko o lākou (mālama ʻo ia i nā hua).

No laila, lawe ʻia mai nā kīʻaha āpau i kūʻai ʻia ma nā aquashops Lūkini mai nā mahiʻai iʻa. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā iʻa iʻa brocade i nā loko i hoʻolako kūikawā ʻia me ka lepo lepo a me ka lepo palupalu. Aia nā mahiʻai pterygoplicht pāʻoihana ma ʻAmelika, Australia, a me Asia hikina hikina.

ʻO nā maʻi Pterygoplicht

ʻO ka iʻa brocade he iʻa kūpaʻa i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole. Akā inā e uhaki ʻia nā kūlana o ka paʻa ʻana (ka meaʻai maikaʻi ʻole, ka nele o ka driftwood, ka wai lepo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), hiki ke nāwaliwali ka palekana o ka iʻa. ʻO nā pilikia olakino maʻamau i ka iʻa he maʻi ʻai a me nā maʻi lele.

Hoʻomaka mua ka iʻa lalo i ka maʻi me ka protozoa. Akā,ʻaʻole e maʻi ka pterygoplicht olakino e like me ia, no laila he mea nui e mālama i ka palekana o ka iʻa (ka meaʻai kūpono, ka maʻemaʻe o ka aquarium, a me nā mea'ē aʻe). Hiki i ka i'a ke ma'i me ka ichthyophthyroidism (colloquial - "semolina"), ke kumu kumu o ia ka kāma'a infusoria. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ka wai no ka manawa lōʻihi a ua uhai ʻia nā kūlana ʻē aʻe o ka paʻa ʻana, a laila hiki ke lawe ʻia ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ka aquarium. Lawe ʻia kēia ʻeha me nā iʻa hou (no laila pono ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i kahi quarantine ʻekolu pule no ka poʻe hoʻomaka). Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka maʻi ma o nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma ke kino o ka iʻa. Inā uhi ʻia kāu pterik me ka "molde" ma nā wahi, pono ʻoe e hele koke i ke kauka holoholona. Pono e hā'awi 'ia ka lā'au i kuhikuhi 'ia ma ke kanu 'ana i ka i'a ma'i i loko o kahi pahu ka'awale.

Inā hoʻokahi wale nō wahi a i ʻike hou ʻia, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e hoʻōla iā ʻoe iho i ka iʻa. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ka mahana o ka aquarium (jigging tank) i 30 °C. Hana ʻia ka wai i ka pāpaʻi. Manaʻolana ʻaʻole e ola ka mea kumu o ka maʻi i nā loli nui a haʻalele i ke kino o kāu holoholona. Inā ʻaʻole kōkua kēia, e hele koke i ke kauka. He mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ka pterygoplicht, no ka mea, ʻoiai ka nui o ka iʻa, e like me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, hiki ke make i ka maʻi.

Ina e moe waliwali ka i'a a nee ole, he mai

Manaʻo paha ka poʻe aquarist ʻike ʻole ʻaʻole pono e mālama ʻia nā iʻa lalo ʻole, akā ʻaʻole pēlā. Inā hōʻino ʻia nā kūlana no ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa, e maʻi ka iʻa, a e hōʻike ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano o nā hōʻailona:

• ua loli ke ʻano (peʻe i ka pō, paʻi i nā paia o ka aquarium, etc.);
• ua alohilohi ke kino a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana pākahi (ka ʻōpū, ka ʻū, ke kua);
• ʻeleʻele ke nānā aku i ka iʻa (ke kaumaha, ka waha pohō, etc.);
• nā maka keʻokeʻo a ʻōpuʻu paha;
• ua ʻike ʻia nā puka ma waena o nā kukuna o nā peʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​pepe i ʻike ʻia he "huhū";
• ʻike ʻia kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni māmā ma ka ʻili o ka wai, ʻike ʻia nā flakes māmā i ka wai (ʻaʻole mai ka meaʻai) a i ʻole nā ​​kaula māmā o ka mucus "hang";
• ua pau ka i'a i ka ai;
• moe ka holoholona ma lalo.

Loaʻa pinepine ʻo Pteriki i ka maʻi mai ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea ola. ʻO nā huahana metabolic, e waiho ana i ka wai, e hoʻonui i ka pae o nā mea ʻino (nitrites, ammonia, etc.). Akā, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopau i ka manaʻo a hoʻomanawanui i kēlā ʻano kūlana. Aia nā hoʻokolohua wikiwiki ma ka mākeke hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana ma ka home (ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e kūʻai i nā mea pipiʻi).

Pono ʻoe e koho i nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike i nā paʻakai like ʻole (nitrites, nitrates), chlorine a me nā pae pH i ka manawa hoʻokahi

Hele mai kēlā me kēia ho'āʻo me nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi. No laila e hoʻomaopopo ʻoe i ka mea e holo pololei ai. ʻO kekahi o nā ala e hana ai i kahi mea ʻino ʻo ia ka ea. He mau mea hoʻohui kūikawā kēia e hiki ke hoʻopau i ka lāʻau make. Koho ʻia ka ea ea no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nui o ka wai. Pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i kahi hapa o ka wai (1/4). Pono kēia i ka ea ea (e laʻana, ʻo Akutan a i ʻole Aquasafe). Pono e mālama ʻia ka wai hou me kēia mea hana, inā pono, hoʻomehana ʻia i ka mahana i makemake ʻia a ninini ʻia i loko o ka aquarium. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke kūʻai i kēlā mea hoʻohui, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka wai i kahi ala ʻoi aku ka pilikia (hoʻolapalapa a maloʻo).

Ke hoʻi hou ka wai i ka maʻamau, e hoʻomaka ke ola kino o ka iʻa. A laila e loaʻa kahi manawa e ola hou ai ka iʻa. ʻAuʻau haʻahaʻa ʻo Pterygoplicht, pā i ka lepo me kona mau peʻa. Inā ʻaʻole neʻe ka pectoral fins, a moe wale ka iʻa (a ʻaʻole ʻai i kekahi mea), hoʻomaka ka mea nāna e hopohopo. Ma waho aʻe o nā kumu i helu ʻia ma luna, ʻo kēia ʻano iʻa iʻa ma muli o ke kaumaha. No ka laʻana, inā hou ka pterik i kahi aquarium me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe (a i ʻole he aquarium hou ka iʻa iʻa). Inā maʻamau nā kūlana o ka paʻa ʻana, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kali i ʻelua mau lā. Ke maʻa ka brocade i nā kūlana hou, e hoʻomaka maoli ia e ʻau a ʻai.

ʻO Brocade pterygoplicht kahi iʻa iʻa i uhi ʻia ke kino me nā papa paʻakikī. ʻAi kēia mau iʻa i nā meaʻai meaʻai a me nā meaʻai protein, alakaʻi i ka nohona lalo a ʻaʻole hiamoe i ka pō. Hiki i ka Pterygoplicht ke ola a hiki i 20 mau makahiki i nā kūlana aquarium.