Alopecia i nā ʻīlio

He aha ka alopecia? ʻO Alopecia kahi lauoho lauoho pathological. Aia ke kiko a me ka hoʻokaʻawale, ka nui a me ka hoʻokahi, ka inflammatory a me ka non-inflammatory, symmetrical a ʻaʻole. He mea maʻamau kēia pilikia i nā ʻīlio. Ma ke ʻano o ka pinepine o ka hanana ʻana i ka dermatology, ʻo ia ka lua ma hope o ka ʻeha, ʻoiai hiki ke hui pū me ia.

Nā ʻōuli o ke alopecia

Hiki i ka mea nona ke ʻike i kahi wahi lauoho ʻole ma ka ʻili o ka holoholona. Hōʻike wale ʻia ka alopecia non-inflammatory ma ka nele o ka lauoho kiaʻi a me ke kapa lalo. I ka manawa like, ʻike maikaʻi ka ʻili ma kēia wahi. Me ka alopecia inflammatory, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka itching, ʻulaʻula ke code, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole: crusts, erosions, ulcers, papules and pustules. Inā pili ka hiʻohiʻona o ka alopecia me kahi maʻi systemic, a laila hiki ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona hou, no ka laʻana, lethargy, nalowale o ka makemake.

Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻano alopecia

Nui nā ʻano o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka alopecia i nā ʻīlio:

• ma ke kumu (inflammatory and non-inflammatory);
• ma ka localization (multifocal, symmetrically bilateral, local);
• i ka manawa o ka hōʻike ʻana (congenital and acquired).

ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke ʻano o ka alopecia e puka mai ana mai ka nele o kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻohui hui, ka nui o nā kumu a me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi.

Nā kumu o ka helehelena 

Hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia nā ʻano kumu āpau o ka alopecia i ʻelua pūʻulu. Loaʻa ka alopecia ma muli o kēia mau kumu:

• hormonal;
• ʻole-hormonal.

Loaʻa i kēia mau pūʻulu ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona ponoʻī - me ka hormonal dysfunction, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka symmetrically located foci. Me ke ʻano non-hormonal o ka alopecia, ʻike ʻole ʻia ka foci. ʻO kahi hopena maʻi i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ma ke kahua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana o kahi mea maʻi infectious e hōʻike iā ia iho ma ke ʻano o ka manaʻo hoʻokahi. ʻO nā kumu non-hormonal o ka lauoho lauoho i nā ʻīlio penei:

• nā hopena maʻi (ka meaʻai, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ke kuni mauʻu, ka hoʻopili ʻana, nā nahu o nā parasite omo koko);
• nā maʻi bacteria a me nā fungal;
• nā maʻi parasitic;
• ʻaʻa ʻana o ka ʻili o ka ʻili;
• depigmentation o ka ʻili (vitiligo);
• nele i ka zinc.

Nā ʻano a me nā kumu o ka alopecia

Nui nā ʻano a me nā kumu o ka alopecia. E noʻonoʻo i nā kumu maʻamau a loaʻa ʻole. Aia kekahi mau alopecia i kūpono ʻole a pono ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

• ʻO nā palaka. ʻO ke kumu maʻamau o ka alopecia. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea hewa ke lilo wale i nā ʻauʻau a me nā mite demodectic, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka itching a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana iā ia iho (self-combed) alopecia, akā nā mea ʻē aʻe: nalo, midges, namu.

• ʻO ka dermatitis atopika. Ma muli o ka ʻeha, loaʻa i ka ʻīlio ka alopecia, pinepine asymmetric a inflammatory. ʻO nā hōʻailona hōʻailona hōʻailona he mau lesions (i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi he erythema, ma hope, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e hoʻohui ʻia nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi lua a me nā hōʻailona o ka mumū mau loa - lichenification a me hyperpigmentation) aia ma ka muzzle (a puni nā maka, ma ka lehelehe), ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻāʻī, a puni ka anus, a me nā kikowaena interdigital a me ka canal auditory. A ʻoiaʻiʻo ka ʻuʻuku.

• Dermatophytosis. ʻO ka Dermatophytosis kahi maʻi o ka ʻili, ka lauoho, a me nā kui i hana ʻia e nā haʻani o ka genus Microsporum, Trichophiton, a i ʻole Epidermophyton. ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau e pili ana i nā ʻāpana o ka alopecia a me ka scaling, maʻamau ma ka maka, ke poʻo, a me nā wāwae. He mea liʻiliʻi loa ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻāʻī, akā i kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻohālike i nā ʻano maʻi maʻi, parasitosis, miliary dermatitis, pyoderma, a i ʻole pemphigus foliaceus.

• Alopecia X. X (X) - ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ke kumu maoli o ka ulu ʻana. Hoʻoulu pinepine ia i nā ʻīlio spitz-like. ʻO ka alopecia ʻaʻole ia he inflammatory ma ke ʻano. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka lauoho lauoho ma ka huelo a me ka lama.

• Alopecia ma hope o ka ʻoki lauoho. Hoʻoulu i nā ʻīlio ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka mīkini. ʻAʻole maopopo loa nā kumu. ʻO ka alopecia he mea ʻole ia. He ʻano ʻokoʻa paha ka nui. Hoʻomaka ka hulu hipa ma hope o 3-6 mau mahina.

• Alopecia hoʻopaʻapaʻa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma kahi o ka haʻalulu nui o ka hulu hipa. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā tangles. Loaʻa ia i nā ʻīlio i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia ko lākou huelo pony a me nā huelo puaʻa ma ko lākou poʻo, e like me Yorkshire Terriers a me Maltese. Me ke kaʻina hana lōʻihi, ʻaʻole hiki ke ulu hou ka lauoho.

• Alopecia cyclic lateral. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia e ka seasonality, ʻike ʻia i ka hopena o ka hāʻule a ulu aʻe i ka hulu hipa kokoke i ke kauwela. ʻO ka lanakila me he palapala ʻāina. ʻAʻole koi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

• ʻO ka alopecia i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Autoimmune pathology ʻaʻole pono ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻoulu pinepine ia i nā ʻīlio me nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī o ka hulu hipa - lilac, uliuli.

• ʻO ke ʻano alopecia. Alopecia noninflammatory. I kekahi manawa, ʻili iki paha ka ʻili. Mea pāʻani, dachshunds, Italian Greyhounds, Whippets, Boston Terriers ka mea maʻalahi loa. ʻIke ʻia nā wahi o ka hypotrichosis a me ka alopecia i ka wā ʻōpio a hiki ke holomua i ka wā. Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi e ka symmetry o nā liona i kaupalena ʻia i kekahi mau wahi o ke kino. ʻEkolu mau maʻi maʻi nui i ke ʻano alopecia: pinna alopecia, ventral alopecia, a me caudal thigh alopecia. ʻAʻole pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

• Follicular dysplasia o ka lauoho. He maʻi kakaʻikahi ia, e ulu ana i ka wā lōʻihi kahi e alakaʻi ai ka dysfunction o nā follicles i ka nalowale o ka lauoho focal a me ka hoʻohaunaele ākea o ka ʻano lauoho. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no ka follicular dysplasia. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili e mālama i ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻili a me ka ulu ʻana o ka follicular maʻamau, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi lua. 

• ʻO Alopecia ma ka pūnaewele injection. Hoʻonui pinepine ia me ka hoʻokele subcutaneous o nā lāʻau i loaʻa ka progesterone, glucocorticosteroids a i ʻole ka maʻi rabies, a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau antibiotic.

• ʻO Adenitis o nā ʻili sebaceous. ʻO ka ʻili maʻalahi a koʻikoʻi. I nā ʻīlio lauoho pōkole, ʻeleʻele nā ​​unahi a ʻaʻole pili pono i ka ʻili. I loko o nā ʻīlio lauoho lōʻihi, pili paʻa nā unahi i ka lauoho, a ʻo ka ʻaʻahu paha he ʻeleʻele, maloʻo, a ʻaʻahu paha; ʻO ka pinepine, aia nā follicular casts. ʻO Islet (i nā ʻano lauoho pōkole) a i ʻole diffuse (i nā ʻano lauoho lōʻihi) ʻike pinepine ʻia ka alopecia. He mea maʻamau ia ma Poodles a me Akitas, akā hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi ʻano.

• Hyperestrogenism. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hormones wahine i nā kāne hiki ke alakaʻi i ka alopecia a i ʻole hypotrichosis, ma ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻāʻī. Aia nō hoʻi ka haʻalulu o ka prepuce, hyperplasia o ka mammary glands.

• Hyperadrenocorticism. Me ka hyperfunction o ka adrenal glands, sags ka opu, atrophy nā ʻiʻo, a me ka symmetrical non-inflammatory alopecia.

• Hypothyroidism. ʻO ka emi ʻana o nā hormones thyroid e alakaʻi i ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōhule. ʻO ka alopecia me ka mānoanoa, hyperpigmented, a me ka ʻili anu (myxedema) he hōʻailona maʻamau. ʻO nā pilikia dermatological maʻamau e pili ana i ka maloʻo, brittle, dull coat, seborrhea, scaling, hyperpigmentation, a me nā maʻi lua. Hiki ke kaupalena ʻia ka alopecia i ka huelo a me ke alahaka o ka ihu.

• Zinc-dependent dermatosis i nā ʻīlio. He maʻi kakaʻikahi i nā ʻīlio ma muli o ka nele o ka zinc a i ʻole pili. ʻElua mau maʻi maʻi o kēia maʻi. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Syndrome I i nā meaʻai me ka maʻi zinc maʻamau. A puni ka waha, nā maka, ma nā papalina a me nā pepeiao, erythema, alopecia, ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā scabs (crusts), peeling a me suppuration (me ka hoʻohui ʻana o kahi maʻi lua). I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, loaʻa nā ʻili ʻili ma ka ʻāpana poʻo, akā hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻili ʻili ma nā wahi kaomi - nā kuʻekuʻe, nā hocks, a me ka ʻāpana genital a me ka anus. Hiki ke nānā aku i ka ʻaʻahu a maloʻo. Me ka lōʻihi o ka nele o ka zinc, ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha, ka hōʻino ʻana i ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka ʻeha, hiki i ka mumū o nā membrane o ka maka a me ka cornea. 

lapaʻau '

E like me kāu i ʻike ai, nui nā pilikia e hōʻike ana i ka alopecia. ʻAʻole pono ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano he nui. Eia nō naʻe, koi ʻia ka hōʻoia ʻana, no ka mea hiki ke paʻakikī ke hoʻoholo i ke ʻano ma ka maka. No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā kumu a me ke ʻano o ka alopecia, hoʻohana lākou i nā ʻano noiʻi dermatological maʻamau, e like me ka ʻili ʻana o ka ʻili, ke kukui kukui o Wood, ka trichoscopy lauoho mai nā wahi olakino. ʻO ka nānāʻana i ka cytological a me ka histological o kaʻili. Eia hou, koi ʻia nā hoʻāʻo koko, ma ke ʻano maʻamau a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā loli i nā pae hormone, ultrasound.

lapaʻau

Pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopau i ke kumu. Ma muli o ke kumu, hiki ke kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā ectoparasites, hoʻopau i nā meaʻai. ʻO ka hormone therapy, inā pono. No ka mālama ʻana i ka x-alopecia, hoʻohana mua ʻia ka ʻokiʻoki a i ʻole ka castration kemika, ʻo ka pinepine e hāʻawi i kahi hopena maikaʻi, akā hiki ke manawa wale nō. Nui nā mea nona ka hoʻoholo ʻaʻole e hoʻāʻo me ka mālama ʻana, no ka mea, ʻo ka pilikia wale nō kahi kīnā cosmetic. Pono ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano alopecia koʻikoʻi me ke komo ʻana o ke kauka holoholona. Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi infectious a endocrine ke alakaʻi koke i ka pōʻino o ke ʻano o ka holoholona, ​​​​no laila mai lawe ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī.